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Effects of the lockdown on the mental health of the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: Results from the COMET collaborative network

BACKGROUND: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an unprecedented traumatic event influencing the healthcare, economic, and social welfare systems worldwide. In order to slow the infection rates, lockdown has been implemented almost everywhere. Italy, one of the countries most severel...

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Autores principales: Fiorillo, Andrea, Sampogna, Gaia, Giallonardo, Vincenzo, Del Vecchio, Valeria, Luciano, Mario, Albert, Umberto, Carmassi, Claudia, Carrà, Giuseppe, Cirulli, Francesca, Dell’Osso, Bernardo, Nanni, Maria Giulia, Pompili, Maurizio, Sani, Gabriele, Tortorella, Alfonso, Volpe, Umberto
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cambridge University Press 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7556907/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32981568
http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.89
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author Fiorillo, Andrea
Sampogna, Gaia
Giallonardo, Vincenzo
Del Vecchio, Valeria
Luciano, Mario
Albert, Umberto
Carmassi, Claudia
Carrà, Giuseppe
Cirulli, Francesca
Dell’Osso, Bernardo
Nanni, Maria Giulia
Pompili, Maurizio
Sani, Gabriele
Tortorella, Alfonso
Volpe, Umberto
author_facet Fiorillo, Andrea
Sampogna, Gaia
Giallonardo, Vincenzo
Del Vecchio, Valeria
Luciano, Mario
Albert, Umberto
Carmassi, Claudia
Carrà, Giuseppe
Cirulli, Francesca
Dell’Osso, Bernardo
Nanni, Maria Giulia
Pompili, Maurizio
Sani, Gabriele
Tortorella, Alfonso
Volpe, Umberto
author_sort Fiorillo, Andrea
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an unprecedented traumatic event influencing the healthcare, economic, and social welfare systems worldwide. In order to slow the infection rates, lockdown has been implemented almost everywhere. Italy, one of the countries most severely affected, entered the “lockdown” on March 8, 2020. METHODS: The COvid Mental hEalth Trial (COMET) network includes 10 Italian university sites and the National Institute of Health. The whole study has three different phases. The first phase includes an online survey conducted between March and May 2020 in the Italian population. Recruitment took place through email invitation letters, social media, mailing lists of universities, national medical associations, and associations of stakeholders (e.g., associations of users/carers). In order to evaluate the impact of lockdown on depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms, multivariate linear regression models were performed, weighted for the propensity score. RESULTS: The final sample consisted of 20,720 participants. Among them, 12.4% of respondents (N = 2,555) reported severe or extremely severe levels of depressive symptoms, 17.6% (N = 3,627) of anxiety symptoms and 41.6% (N = 8,619) reported to feel at least moderately stressed by the situation at the DASS-21. According to the multivariate regression models, the depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms significantly worsened from the week April 9–15 to the week April 30 to May 4 (p < 0.0001). Moreover, female respondents and people with pre-existing mental health problems were at higher risk of developing severe depression and anxiety symptoms (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Although physical isolation and lockdown represent essential public health measures for containing the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, they are a serious threat for mental health and well-being of the general population. As an integral part of COVID-19 response, mental health needs should be addressed.
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spelling pubmed-75569072020-10-16 Effects of the lockdown on the mental health of the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: Results from the COMET collaborative network Fiorillo, Andrea Sampogna, Gaia Giallonardo, Vincenzo Del Vecchio, Valeria Luciano, Mario Albert, Umberto Carmassi, Claudia Carrà, Giuseppe Cirulli, Francesca Dell’Osso, Bernardo Nanni, Maria Giulia Pompili, Maurizio Sani, Gabriele Tortorella, Alfonso Volpe, Umberto Eur Psychiatry Research Article BACKGROUND: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an unprecedented traumatic event influencing the healthcare, economic, and social welfare systems worldwide. In order to slow the infection rates, lockdown has been implemented almost everywhere. Italy, one of the countries most severely affected, entered the “lockdown” on March 8, 2020. METHODS: The COvid Mental hEalth Trial (COMET) network includes 10 Italian university sites and the National Institute of Health. The whole study has three different phases. The first phase includes an online survey conducted between March and May 2020 in the Italian population. Recruitment took place through email invitation letters, social media, mailing lists of universities, national medical associations, and associations of stakeholders (e.g., associations of users/carers). In order to evaluate the impact of lockdown on depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms, multivariate linear regression models were performed, weighted for the propensity score. RESULTS: The final sample consisted of 20,720 participants. Among them, 12.4% of respondents (N = 2,555) reported severe or extremely severe levels of depressive symptoms, 17.6% (N = 3,627) of anxiety symptoms and 41.6% (N = 8,619) reported to feel at least moderately stressed by the situation at the DASS-21. According to the multivariate regression models, the depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms significantly worsened from the week April 9–15 to the week April 30 to May 4 (p < 0.0001). Moreover, female respondents and people with pre-existing mental health problems were at higher risk of developing severe depression and anxiety symptoms (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Although physical isolation and lockdown represent essential public health measures for containing the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, they are a serious threat for mental health and well-being of the general population. As an integral part of COVID-19 response, mental health needs should be addressed. Cambridge University Press 2020-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7556907/ /pubmed/32981568 http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.89 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Fiorillo, Andrea
Sampogna, Gaia
Giallonardo, Vincenzo
Del Vecchio, Valeria
Luciano, Mario
Albert, Umberto
Carmassi, Claudia
Carrà, Giuseppe
Cirulli, Francesca
Dell’Osso, Bernardo
Nanni, Maria Giulia
Pompili, Maurizio
Sani, Gabriele
Tortorella, Alfonso
Volpe, Umberto
Effects of the lockdown on the mental health of the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: Results from the COMET collaborative network
title Effects of the lockdown on the mental health of the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: Results from the COMET collaborative network
title_full Effects of the lockdown on the mental health of the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: Results from the COMET collaborative network
title_fullStr Effects of the lockdown on the mental health of the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: Results from the COMET collaborative network
title_full_unstemmed Effects of the lockdown on the mental health of the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: Results from the COMET collaborative network
title_short Effects of the lockdown on the mental health of the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: Results from the COMET collaborative network
title_sort effects of the lockdown on the mental health of the general population during the covid-19 pandemic in italy: results from the comet collaborative network
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7556907/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32981568
http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.89
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