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Characterization of Commercial Metal Oxide Nanomaterials: Crystalline Phase, Particle Size and Specific Surface Area
Physical chemical characterization of nanomaterials is critical to assessing quality control during production, evaluating the impact of material properties on human health and the environment, and developing regulatory frameworks for their use. We have investigated a set of 29 nanomaterials from fo...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7558088/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32932807 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10091812 |
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author | Bushell, Michael Beauchemin, Suzanne Kunc, Filip Gardner, David Ovens, Jeffrey Toll, Floyd Kennedy, David Nguyen, Kathy Vladisavljevic, Djordje Rasmussen, Pat E. Johnston, Linda J. |
author_facet | Bushell, Michael Beauchemin, Suzanne Kunc, Filip Gardner, David Ovens, Jeffrey Toll, Floyd Kennedy, David Nguyen, Kathy Vladisavljevic, Djordje Rasmussen, Pat E. Johnston, Linda J. |
author_sort | Bushell, Michael |
collection | PubMed |
description | Physical chemical characterization of nanomaterials is critical to assessing quality control during production, evaluating the impact of material properties on human health and the environment, and developing regulatory frameworks for their use. We have investigated a set of 29 nanomaterials from four metal oxide families (aluminum, copper, titanium and zinc) with a focus on the measurands that are important for the basic characterization of dry nanomaterials and the determination of the dose metrics for nanotoxicology. These include crystalline phase and crystallite size, measured by powder X-ray diffraction, particle shape and size distributions from transmission electron microscopy, and specific surface area, measured by gas adsorption. The results are compared to the nominal data provided by the manufacturer, where available. While the crystalline phase data are generally reliable, data on minor components that may impact toxicity is often lacking. The crystal and particle size data highlight the issues in obtaining size measurements of materials with broad size distributions and significant levels of aggregation, and indicate that reliance on nominal values provided by the manufacturer is frequently inadequate for toxicological studies aimed at identifying differences between nanoforms. The data will be used for the development of models and strategies for grouping and read-across to support regulatory human health and environmental assessments of metal oxide nanomaterials. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7558088 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75580882020-10-22 Characterization of Commercial Metal Oxide Nanomaterials: Crystalline Phase, Particle Size and Specific Surface Area Bushell, Michael Beauchemin, Suzanne Kunc, Filip Gardner, David Ovens, Jeffrey Toll, Floyd Kennedy, David Nguyen, Kathy Vladisavljevic, Djordje Rasmussen, Pat E. Johnston, Linda J. Nanomaterials (Basel) Article Physical chemical characterization of nanomaterials is critical to assessing quality control during production, evaluating the impact of material properties on human health and the environment, and developing regulatory frameworks for their use. We have investigated a set of 29 nanomaterials from four metal oxide families (aluminum, copper, titanium and zinc) with a focus on the measurands that are important for the basic characterization of dry nanomaterials and the determination of the dose metrics for nanotoxicology. These include crystalline phase and crystallite size, measured by powder X-ray diffraction, particle shape and size distributions from transmission electron microscopy, and specific surface area, measured by gas adsorption. The results are compared to the nominal data provided by the manufacturer, where available. While the crystalline phase data are generally reliable, data on minor components that may impact toxicity is often lacking. The crystal and particle size data highlight the issues in obtaining size measurements of materials with broad size distributions and significant levels of aggregation, and indicate that reliance on nominal values provided by the manufacturer is frequently inadequate for toxicological studies aimed at identifying differences between nanoforms. The data will be used for the development of models and strategies for grouping and read-across to support regulatory human health and environmental assessments of metal oxide nanomaterials. MDPI 2020-09-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7558088/ /pubmed/32932807 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10091812 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Bushell, Michael Beauchemin, Suzanne Kunc, Filip Gardner, David Ovens, Jeffrey Toll, Floyd Kennedy, David Nguyen, Kathy Vladisavljevic, Djordje Rasmussen, Pat E. Johnston, Linda J. Characterization of Commercial Metal Oxide Nanomaterials: Crystalline Phase, Particle Size and Specific Surface Area |
title | Characterization of Commercial Metal Oxide Nanomaterials: Crystalline Phase, Particle Size and Specific Surface Area |
title_full | Characterization of Commercial Metal Oxide Nanomaterials: Crystalline Phase, Particle Size and Specific Surface Area |
title_fullStr | Characterization of Commercial Metal Oxide Nanomaterials: Crystalline Phase, Particle Size and Specific Surface Area |
title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of Commercial Metal Oxide Nanomaterials: Crystalline Phase, Particle Size and Specific Surface Area |
title_short | Characterization of Commercial Metal Oxide Nanomaterials: Crystalline Phase, Particle Size and Specific Surface Area |
title_sort | characterization of commercial metal oxide nanomaterials: crystalline phase, particle size and specific surface area |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7558088/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32932807 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10091812 |
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