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Extracellular Enzymes and Bioactive Compounds from Antarctic Terrestrial Fungi for Bioprospecting
Antarctica, one of the harshest environments in the world, has been successfully colonized by extremophilic, psychrophilic, and psychrotolerant microorganisms, facing a range of extreme conditions. Fungi are the most diverse taxon in the Antarctic ecosystems, including soils. Genetic adaptation to t...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7558612/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32899827 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186459 |
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author | Zucconi, Laura Canini, Fabiana Temporiti, Marta Elisabetta Tosi, Solveig |
author_facet | Zucconi, Laura Canini, Fabiana Temporiti, Marta Elisabetta Tosi, Solveig |
author_sort | Zucconi, Laura |
collection | PubMed |
description | Antarctica, one of the harshest environments in the world, has been successfully colonized by extremophilic, psychrophilic, and psychrotolerant microorganisms, facing a range of extreme conditions. Fungi are the most diverse taxon in the Antarctic ecosystems, including soils. Genetic adaptation to this environment results in the synthesis of a range of metabolites, with different functional roles in relation to the biotic and abiotic environmental factors, some of which with new biological properties of potential biotechnological interest. An overview on the production of cold-adapted enzymes and other bioactive secondary metabolites from filamentous fungi and yeasts isolated from Antarctic soils is here provided and considerations on their ecological significance are reported. A great number of researches have been carried out to date, based on cultural approaches. More recently, metagenomics approaches are expected to increase our knowledge on metabolic potential of these organisms, leading to the characterization of unculturable taxa. The search on fungi in Antarctica deserves to be improved, since it may represent a useful strategy for finding new metabolic pathways and, consequently, new bioactive compounds. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7558612 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75586122020-10-26 Extracellular Enzymes and Bioactive Compounds from Antarctic Terrestrial Fungi for Bioprospecting Zucconi, Laura Canini, Fabiana Temporiti, Marta Elisabetta Tosi, Solveig Int J Environ Res Public Health Review Antarctica, one of the harshest environments in the world, has been successfully colonized by extremophilic, psychrophilic, and psychrotolerant microorganisms, facing a range of extreme conditions. Fungi are the most diverse taxon in the Antarctic ecosystems, including soils. Genetic adaptation to this environment results in the synthesis of a range of metabolites, with different functional roles in relation to the biotic and abiotic environmental factors, some of which with new biological properties of potential biotechnological interest. An overview on the production of cold-adapted enzymes and other bioactive secondary metabolites from filamentous fungi and yeasts isolated from Antarctic soils is here provided and considerations on their ecological significance are reported. A great number of researches have been carried out to date, based on cultural approaches. More recently, metagenomics approaches are expected to increase our knowledge on metabolic potential of these organisms, leading to the characterization of unculturable taxa. The search on fungi in Antarctica deserves to be improved, since it may represent a useful strategy for finding new metabolic pathways and, consequently, new bioactive compounds. MDPI 2020-09-04 2020-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7558612/ /pubmed/32899827 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186459 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Zucconi, Laura Canini, Fabiana Temporiti, Marta Elisabetta Tosi, Solveig Extracellular Enzymes and Bioactive Compounds from Antarctic Terrestrial Fungi for Bioprospecting |
title | Extracellular Enzymes and Bioactive Compounds from Antarctic Terrestrial Fungi for Bioprospecting |
title_full | Extracellular Enzymes and Bioactive Compounds from Antarctic Terrestrial Fungi for Bioprospecting |
title_fullStr | Extracellular Enzymes and Bioactive Compounds from Antarctic Terrestrial Fungi for Bioprospecting |
title_full_unstemmed | Extracellular Enzymes and Bioactive Compounds from Antarctic Terrestrial Fungi for Bioprospecting |
title_short | Extracellular Enzymes and Bioactive Compounds from Antarctic Terrestrial Fungi for Bioprospecting |
title_sort | extracellular enzymes and bioactive compounds from antarctic terrestrial fungi for bioprospecting |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7558612/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32899827 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186459 |
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