Cargando…

Extracellular Enzymes and Bioactive Compounds from Antarctic Terrestrial Fungi for Bioprospecting

Antarctica, one of the harshest environments in the world, has been successfully colonized by extremophilic, psychrophilic, and psychrotolerant microorganisms, facing a range of extreme conditions. Fungi are the most diverse taxon in the Antarctic ecosystems, including soils. Genetic adaptation to t...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Zucconi, Laura, Canini, Fabiana, Temporiti, Marta Elisabetta, Tosi, Solveig
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7558612/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32899827
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186459
_version_ 1783594677896740864
author Zucconi, Laura
Canini, Fabiana
Temporiti, Marta Elisabetta
Tosi, Solveig
author_facet Zucconi, Laura
Canini, Fabiana
Temporiti, Marta Elisabetta
Tosi, Solveig
author_sort Zucconi, Laura
collection PubMed
description Antarctica, one of the harshest environments in the world, has been successfully colonized by extremophilic, psychrophilic, and psychrotolerant microorganisms, facing a range of extreme conditions. Fungi are the most diverse taxon in the Antarctic ecosystems, including soils. Genetic adaptation to this environment results in the synthesis of a range of metabolites, with different functional roles in relation to the biotic and abiotic environmental factors, some of which with new biological properties of potential biotechnological interest. An overview on the production of cold-adapted enzymes and other bioactive secondary metabolites from filamentous fungi and yeasts isolated from Antarctic soils is here provided and considerations on their ecological significance are reported. A great number of researches have been carried out to date, based on cultural approaches. More recently, metagenomics approaches are expected to increase our knowledge on metabolic potential of these organisms, leading to the characterization of unculturable taxa. The search on fungi in Antarctica deserves to be improved, since it may represent a useful strategy for finding new metabolic pathways and, consequently, new bioactive compounds.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7558612
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-75586122020-10-26 Extracellular Enzymes and Bioactive Compounds from Antarctic Terrestrial Fungi for Bioprospecting Zucconi, Laura Canini, Fabiana Temporiti, Marta Elisabetta Tosi, Solveig Int J Environ Res Public Health Review Antarctica, one of the harshest environments in the world, has been successfully colonized by extremophilic, psychrophilic, and psychrotolerant microorganisms, facing a range of extreme conditions. Fungi are the most diverse taxon in the Antarctic ecosystems, including soils. Genetic adaptation to this environment results in the synthesis of a range of metabolites, with different functional roles in relation to the biotic and abiotic environmental factors, some of which with new biological properties of potential biotechnological interest. An overview on the production of cold-adapted enzymes and other bioactive secondary metabolites from filamentous fungi and yeasts isolated from Antarctic soils is here provided and considerations on their ecological significance are reported. A great number of researches have been carried out to date, based on cultural approaches. More recently, metagenomics approaches are expected to increase our knowledge on metabolic potential of these organisms, leading to the characterization of unculturable taxa. The search on fungi in Antarctica deserves to be improved, since it may represent a useful strategy for finding new metabolic pathways and, consequently, new bioactive compounds. MDPI 2020-09-04 2020-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7558612/ /pubmed/32899827 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186459 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Zucconi, Laura
Canini, Fabiana
Temporiti, Marta Elisabetta
Tosi, Solveig
Extracellular Enzymes and Bioactive Compounds from Antarctic Terrestrial Fungi for Bioprospecting
title Extracellular Enzymes and Bioactive Compounds from Antarctic Terrestrial Fungi for Bioprospecting
title_full Extracellular Enzymes and Bioactive Compounds from Antarctic Terrestrial Fungi for Bioprospecting
title_fullStr Extracellular Enzymes and Bioactive Compounds from Antarctic Terrestrial Fungi for Bioprospecting
title_full_unstemmed Extracellular Enzymes and Bioactive Compounds from Antarctic Terrestrial Fungi for Bioprospecting
title_short Extracellular Enzymes and Bioactive Compounds from Antarctic Terrestrial Fungi for Bioprospecting
title_sort extracellular enzymes and bioactive compounds from antarctic terrestrial fungi for bioprospecting
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7558612/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32899827
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186459
work_keys_str_mv AT zucconilaura extracellularenzymesandbioactivecompoundsfromantarcticterrestrialfungiforbioprospecting
AT caninifabiana extracellularenzymesandbioactivecompoundsfromantarcticterrestrialfungiforbioprospecting
AT temporitimartaelisabetta extracellularenzymesandbioactivecompoundsfromantarcticterrestrialfungiforbioprospecting
AT tosisolveig extracellularenzymesandbioactivecompoundsfromantarcticterrestrialfungiforbioprospecting