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Exploiting Laser-Ablation ICP-MS for the Characterization of Salt-Derived Bismuth Films on Screen-Printed Electrodes: A Preliminary Investigation
The use of insoluble bismuth salts, typically BiPO(4), is known to be a viable alternative to classical Bi(3+) ion electrochemical reduction for the preparation of bismuth film electrodes (BiFE) on screen-printed electrodes. The freshly prepared electrodes are indefinitely stable, and the active bis...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7558652/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32916940 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios10090119 |
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author | Dossi, Carlo Binda, Gilberto Monticelli, Damiano Pozzi, Andrea Recchia, Sandro Spanu, Davide |
author_facet | Dossi, Carlo Binda, Gilberto Monticelli, Damiano Pozzi, Andrea Recchia, Sandro Spanu, Davide |
author_sort | Dossi, Carlo |
collection | PubMed |
description | The use of insoluble bismuth salts, typically BiPO(4), is known to be a viable alternative to classical Bi(3+) ion electrochemical reduction for the preparation of bismuth film electrodes (BiFE) on screen-printed electrodes. The freshly prepared electrodes are indefinitely stable, and the active bismuth film is simply formed by in situ reduction. Two aspects are still to be investigated, namely the bismuth distribution on the working electrode and the possible residual presence of the counteranion, namely phosphate. High-vacuum techniques such as electron microscopy or spectroscopy, which are commonly employed for this purpose, cannot be safely used: the bismuth surface is well-known to reconstruct and recrystallize under the electron beam in vacuum. Here, we demonstrate the suitability and the effectiveness of laser ablation ICP-MS (LA-ICP-MS, a technique that vaporizes and analyzes the surface material under flowing helium at atmospheric pressure) for the characterization of BiFE. Fast and stable measurements of bismuth and phosphorous distribution are achieved with the advantage of a minimum alteration of the sample surface, avoiding possible interferences. This investigation evidenced how, upon reductive activation, the bismuth film is distributed with a radial symmetry and the phosphate counteranion is completely absent on the working electrode surface. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7558652 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75586522020-10-26 Exploiting Laser-Ablation ICP-MS for the Characterization of Salt-Derived Bismuth Films on Screen-Printed Electrodes: A Preliminary Investigation Dossi, Carlo Binda, Gilberto Monticelli, Damiano Pozzi, Andrea Recchia, Sandro Spanu, Davide Biosensors (Basel) Article The use of insoluble bismuth salts, typically BiPO(4), is known to be a viable alternative to classical Bi(3+) ion electrochemical reduction for the preparation of bismuth film electrodes (BiFE) on screen-printed electrodes. The freshly prepared electrodes are indefinitely stable, and the active bismuth film is simply formed by in situ reduction. Two aspects are still to be investigated, namely the bismuth distribution on the working electrode and the possible residual presence of the counteranion, namely phosphate. High-vacuum techniques such as electron microscopy or spectroscopy, which are commonly employed for this purpose, cannot be safely used: the bismuth surface is well-known to reconstruct and recrystallize under the electron beam in vacuum. Here, we demonstrate the suitability and the effectiveness of laser ablation ICP-MS (LA-ICP-MS, a technique that vaporizes and analyzes the surface material under flowing helium at atmospheric pressure) for the characterization of BiFE. Fast and stable measurements of bismuth and phosphorous distribution are achieved with the advantage of a minimum alteration of the sample surface, avoiding possible interferences. This investigation evidenced how, upon reductive activation, the bismuth film is distributed with a radial symmetry and the phosphate counteranion is completely absent on the working electrode surface. MDPI 2020-09-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7558652/ /pubmed/32916940 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios10090119 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Dossi, Carlo Binda, Gilberto Monticelli, Damiano Pozzi, Andrea Recchia, Sandro Spanu, Davide Exploiting Laser-Ablation ICP-MS for the Characterization of Salt-Derived Bismuth Films on Screen-Printed Electrodes: A Preliminary Investigation |
title | Exploiting Laser-Ablation ICP-MS for the Characterization of Salt-Derived Bismuth Films on Screen-Printed Electrodes: A Preliminary Investigation |
title_full | Exploiting Laser-Ablation ICP-MS for the Characterization of Salt-Derived Bismuth Films on Screen-Printed Electrodes: A Preliminary Investigation |
title_fullStr | Exploiting Laser-Ablation ICP-MS for the Characterization of Salt-Derived Bismuth Films on Screen-Printed Electrodes: A Preliminary Investigation |
title_full_unstemmed | Exploiting Laser-Ablation ICP-MS for the Characterization of Salt-Derived Bismuth Films on Screen-Printed Electrodes: A Preliminary Investigation |
title_short | Exploiting Laser-Ablation ICP-MS for the Characterization of Salt-Derived Bismuth Films on Screen-Printed Electrodes: A Preliminary Investigation |
title_sort | exploiting laser-ablation icp-ms for the characterization of salt-derived bismuth films on screen-printed electrodes: a preliminary investigation |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7558652/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32916940 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios10090119 |
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