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Melioidosis and the Heart: A Systematic Review

Melioidosis is caused by Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. Clinical presentation can vary from pneumonia, sepsis and multi-focal abscess formation. The aim of this study was to systemically review the cardiac manifestations of melioidosis in the literature and describe their epidemi...

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Autores principales: Velusamy, Ragani, Muhi, Stephen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7558958/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32717859
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5030121
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author Velusamy, Ragani
Muhi, Stephen
author_facet Velusamy, Ragani
Muhi, Stephen
author_sort Velusamy, Ragani
collection PubMed
description Melioidosis is caused by Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. Clinical presentation can vary from pneumonia, sepsis and multi-focal abscess formation. The aim of this study was to systemically review the cardiac manifestations of melioidosis in the literature and describe their epidemiology, microbiological diagnosis and outcomes. A systematic review of the peer-reviewed literature was carried out in PubMed and Google Scholar for human melioidosis cases with cardiac involvement. Quantitative data for cases of melioidosis were obtained, including age, sex, microbiological diagnosis, treatment, and outcome. 980 articles were screened, of which 31 articles were eligible. The most common cardiac site of infection was pericarditis, followed by endocarditis and myocarditis. Over 95% of cardiac involvement occurred in males, and mortality was the lowest in pericarditis and highest in myocarditis. Valvular vegetations were all small, left-sided, and did not require surgery. Antibiotic treatment included a bactericidal induction therapy with ceftazidime or a carbapenem ± TMP-SMX, followed by eradication therapy with TMP–SMX in most patients as previously established. In conclusion, melioidosis varies in clinical presentation and is also known as a great imitator. Although cardiac involvement is rare, this is the first systematic review to summarise all cases reported in the literature to date.
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spelling pubmed-75589582020-10-26 Melioidosis and the Heart: A Systematic Review Velusamy, Ragani Muhi, Stephen Trop Med Infect Dis Review Melioidosis is caused by Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. Clinical presentation can vary from pneumonia, sepsis and multi-focal abscess formation. The aim of this study was to systemically review the cardiac manifestations of melioidosis in the literature and describe their epidemiology, microbiological diagnosis and outcomes. A systematic review of the peer-reviewed literature was carried out in PubMed and Google Scholar for human melioidosis cases with cardiac involvement. Quantitative data for cases of melioidosis were obtained, including age, sex, microbiological diagnosis, treatment, and outcome. 980 articles were screened, of which 31 articles were eligible. The most common cardiac site of infection was pericarditis, followed by endocarditis and myocarditis. Over 95% of cardiac involvement occurred in males, and mortality was the lowest in pericarditis and highest in myocarditis. Valvular vegetations were all small, left-sided, and did not require surgery. Antibiotic treatment included a bactericidal induction therapy with ceftazidime or a carbapenem ± TMP-SMX, followed by eradication therapy with TMP–SMX in most patients as previously established. In conclusion, melioidosis varies in clinical presentation and is also known as a great imitator. Although cardiac involvement is rare, this is the first systematic review to summarise all cases reported in the literature to date. MDPI 2020-07-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7558958/ /pubmed/32717859 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5030121 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Velusamy, Ragani
Muhi, Stephen
Melioidosis and the Heart: A Systematic Review
title Melioidosis and the Heart: A Systematic Review
title_full Melioidosis and the Heart: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr Melioidosis and the Heart: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Melioidosis and the Heart: A Systematic Review
title_short Melioidosis and the Heart: A Systematic Review
title_sort melioidosis and the heart: a systematic review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7558958/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32717859
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5030121
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