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Rapid Quantification of SARS-CoV-2-Neutralizing Antibodies Using Propagation-Defective Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Pseudotypes

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2, a new member of the genus Betacoronavirus, is a pandemic virus, which has caused numerous fatalities, particularly in the elderly and persons with underlying morbidities. At present, there are no approved vaccines nor antiviral therap...

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Autores principales: Zettl, Ferdinand, Meister, Toni Luise, Vollmer, Tanja, Fischer, Bastian, Steinmann, Jörg, Krawczyk, Adalbert, V’kovski, Philip, Todt, Daniel, Steinmann, Eike, Pfaender, Stephanie, Zimmer, Gert
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7563800/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32679691
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030386
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author Zettl, Ferdinand
Meister, Toni Luise
Vollmer, Tanja
Fischer, Bastian
Steinmann, Jörg
Krawczyk, Adalbert
V’kovski, Philip
Todt, Daniel
Steinmann, Eike
Pfaender, Stephanie
Zimmer, Gert
author_facet Zettl, Ferdinand
Meister, Toni Luise
Vollmer, Tanja
Fischer, Bastian
Steinmann, Jörg
Krawczyk, Adalbert
V’kovski, Philip
Todt, Daniel
Steinmann, Eike
Pfaender, Stephanie
Zimmer, Gert
author_sort Zettl, Ferdinand
collection PubMed
description Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2, a new member of the genus Betacoronavirus, is a pandemic virus, which has caused numerous fatalities, particularly in the elderly and persons with underlying morbidities. At present, there are no approved vaccines nor antiviral therapies available. The detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies plays a crucial role in the assessment of the immune status of convalescent COVID-19 patients, evaluation of recombinant therapeutic antibodies, and the evaluation of novel vaccines. To detect SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies, classically, a virus-neutralization test has to be performed at biosafety level 3, considerably limiting the general use of this test. In the present work, a biosafety level 1 pseudotype virus assay based on a propagation-incompetent vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has been used to determine the neutralizing antibody titers in convalescent COVID-19 patients. The neutralization titers in serum of two independently analyzed patient cohorts were available within 18 h and correlated well with those obtained with a classical SARS-CoV-2 neutralization test (Pearson correlation coefficients of r = 0.929 and r = 0.939, respectively). Most convalescent COVID-19 patients had only low titers of neutralizing antibodies (ND50 < 320). The sera of convalescent COVID-19 patients also neutralized pseudotype virus displaying the SARS-CoV-1 spike protein on their surface, which is homologous to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. In summary, we report a robust virus-neutralization assay, which can be used at low biosafety level 1 to rapidly quantify SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies in convalescent COVID-19 patients and vaccinated individuals.
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spelling pubmed-75638002020-10-27 Rapid Quantification of SARS-CoV-2-Neutralizing Antibodies Using Propagation-Defective Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Pseudotypes Zettl, Ferdinand Meister, Toni Luise Vollmer, Tanja Fischer, Bastian Steinmann, Jörg Krawczyk, Adalbert V’kovski, Philip Todt, Daniel Steinmann, Eike Pfaender, Stephanie Zimmer, Gert Vaccines (Basel) Article Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2, a new member of the genus Betacoronavirus, is a pandemic virus, which has caused numerous fatalities, particularly in the elderly and persons with underlying morbidities. At present, there are no approved vaccines nor antiviral therapies available. The detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies plays a crucial role in the assessment of the immune status of convalescent COVID-19 patients, evaluation of recombinant therapeutic antibodies, and the evaluation of novel vaccines. To detect SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies, classically, a virus-neutralization test has to be performed at biosafety level 3, considerably limiting the general use of this test. In the present work, a biosafety level 1 pseudotype virus assay based on a propagation-incompetent vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has been used to determine the neutralizing antibody titers in convalescent COVID-19 patients. The neutralization titers in serum of two independently analyzed patient cohorts were available within 18 h and correlated well with those obtained with a classical SARS-CoV-2 neutralization test (Pearson correlation coefficients of r = 0.929 and r = 0.939, respectively). Most convalescent COVID-19 patients had only low titers of neutralizing antibodies (ND50 < 320). The sera of convalescent COVID-19 patients also neutralized pseudotype virus displaying the SARS-CoV-1 spike protein on their surface, which is homologous to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. In summary, we report a robust virus-neutralization assay, which can be used at low biosafety level 1 to rapidly quantify SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies in convalescent COVID-19 patients and vaccinated individuals. MDPI 2020-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7563800/ /pubmed/32679691 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030386 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zettl, Ferdinand
Meister, Toni Luise
Vollmer, Tanja
Fischer, Bastian
Steinmann, Jörg
Krawczyk, Adalbert
V’kovski, Philip
Todt, Daniel
Steinmann, Eike
Pfaender, Stephanie
Zimmer, Gert
Rapid Quantification of SARS-CoV-2-Neutralizing Antibodies Using Propagation-Defective Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Pseudotypes
title Rapid Quantification of SARS-CoV-2-Neutralizing Antibodies Using Propagation-Defective Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Pseudotypes
title_full Rapid Quantification of SARS-CoV-2-Neutralizing Antibodies Using Propagation-Defective Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Pseudotypes
title_fullStr Rapid Quantification of SARS-CoV-2-Neutralizing Antibodies Using Propagation-Defective Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Pseudotypes
title_full_unstemmed Rapid Quantification of SARS-CoV-2-Neutralizing Antibodies Using Propagation-Defective Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Pseudotypes
title_short Rapid Quantification of SARS-CoV-2-Neutralizing Antibodies Using Propagation-Defective Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Pseudotypes
title_sort rapid quantification of sars-cov-2-neutralizing antibodies using propagation-defective vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotypes
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7563800/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32679691
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030386
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