Pharmacogenomics, Pharmacokinetics and Circulating Proteins As Biomarkers for Bevacizumab Treatment Optimization in Patients with Cancer: A Review

Bevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets VEGF-A and inhibits tumor angiogenesis. Bevacizumab is approved for the treatment of various cancer, including metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), ovarian cancer, lung cancer, and others. Thus, it is widely used in oncology, but contrary to other therapeutic classes, there is still a lack of validating predictive factors for treatment outcomes with these agents. In recent years, the research for factors predictive of anti-VEGF treatments and especially bevacizumab response has been one of the most competitive translational research fields. Herein, we review and present the available literature of the clinical use of biomarkers, pharmacogenomics (PG), and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) approaches that can be used for the optimization of bevacizumab use in the era of precision medicine.