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Bacteria Belonging to Pseudomonas typographi sp. nov. from the Bark Beetle Ips typographus Have Genomic Potential to Aid in the Host Ecology

SIMPLE SUMMARY: European Bark Beetle (Ips typographus) is a pest that affects dead and weakened spruce trees. Under certain environmental conditions, it has massive outbreaks, resulting in attacks of healthy trees, becoming a forest pest. It has been proposed that the bark beetle’s microbiome plays...

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Autores principales: Peral-Aranega, Ezequiel, Saati-Santamaría, Zaki, Kolařik, Miroslav, Rivas, Raúl, García-Fraile, Paula
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7564387/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32899185
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11090593
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author Peral-Aranega, Ezequiel
Saati-Santamaría, Zaki
Kolařik, Miroslav
Rivas, Raúl
García-Fraile, Paula
author_facet Peral-Aranega, Ezequiel
Saati-Santamaría, Zaki
Kolařik, Miroslav
Rivas, Raúl
García-Fraile, Paula
author_sort Peral-Aranega, Ezequiel
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: European Bark Beetle (Ips typographus) is a pest that affects dead and weakened spruce trees. Under certain environmental conditions, it has massive outbreaks, resulting in attacks of healthy trees, becoming a forest pest. It has been proposed that the bark beetle’s microbiome plays a key role in the insect’s ecology, providing nutrients, inhibiting pathogens, and degrading tree defense compounds, among other probable traits. During a study of bacterial associates from I. typographus, we isolated three strains identified as Pseudomonas from different beetle life stages. In this work, we aimed to reveal the taxonomic status of these bacterial strains and to sequence and annotate their genomes to mine possible traits related to a role within the bark beetle holobiont. Our study indicates that these bacteria constitute a new species for which the name of Pseudomonas typographi sp. nov. is proposed. Moreover, their genome analysis suggests different metabolic pathways possibly related to the beetle’s ecology. Finally, in vitro tests conclude the capability of these bacteria to inhibit beetle’s fungal pathogens. Altogether, these results suggest that P. typographi aids I. typographi nutrition and resistance to fungal pathogens. These findings might be of interest in the development of integrated methods for pest control. ABSTRACT: European Bark Beetle Ips typographus is a secondary pest that affects dead and weakened spruce trees (Picea genus). Under certain environmental conditions, it has massive outbreaks, resulting in the attacks of healthy trees, becoming a forest pest. It has been proposed that the bark beetle’s microbiome plays a key role in the insect’s ecology, providing nutrients, inhibiting pathogens, and degrading tree defense compounds, among other probable traits yet to be discovered. During a study of bacterial associates from I. typographus, we isolated three strains identified as Pseudomonas from different beetle life stages. A polyphasic taxonomical approach showed that they belong to a new species for which the name Pseudomonas typographi sp nov. is proposed. Genome sequences show their potential to hydrolyze wood compounds and synthesize several vitamins; screening for enzymes production was verified using PNP substrates. Assays in Petri dishes confirmed cellulose and xylan hydrolysis. Moreover, the genomes harbor genes encoding chitinases and gene clusters involved in the synthesis of secondary metabolites with antimicrobial potential. In vitro tests confirmed the capability of the three P. typographi strains to inhibit several Ips beetles’ pathogenic fungi. Altogether, these results suggest that P. typographi aids I. typographi nutrition and resistance to fungal pathogens.
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spelling pubmed-75643872020-10-26 Bacteria Belonging to Pseudomonas typographi sp. nov. from the Bark Beetle Ips typographus Have Genomic Potential to Aid in the Host Ecology Peral-Aranega, Ezequiel Saati-Santamaría, Zaki Kolařik, Miroslav Rivas, Raúl García-Fraile, Paula Insects Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: European Bark Beetle (Ips typographus) is a pest that affects dead and weakened spruce trees. Under certain environmental conditions, it has massive outbreaks, resulting in attacks of healthy trees, becoming a forest pest. It has been proposed that the bark beetle’s microbiome plays a key role in the insect’s ecology, providing nutrients, inhibiting pathogens, and degrading tree defense compounds, among other probable traits. During a study of bacterial associates from I. typographus, we isolated three strains identified as Pseudomonas from different beetle life stages. In this work, we aimed to reveal the taxonomic status of these bacterial strains and to sequence and annotate their genomes to mine possible traits related to a role within the bark beetle holobiont. Our study indicates that these bacteria constitute a new species for which the name of Pseudomonas typographi sp. nov. is proposed. Moreover, their genome analysis suggests different metabolic pathways possibly related to the beetle’s ecology. Finally, in vitro tests conclude the capability of these bacteria to inhibit beetle’s fungal pathogens. Altogether, these results suggest that P. typographi aids I. typographi nutrition and resistance to fungal pathogens. These findings might be of interest in the development of integrated methods for pest control. ABSTRACT: European Bark Beetle Ips typographus is a secondary pest that affects dead and weakened spruce trees (Picea genus). Under certain environmental conditions, it has massive outbreaks, resulting in the attacks of healthy trees, becoming a forest pest. It has been proposed that the bark beetle’s microbiome plays a key role in the insect’s ecology, providing nutrients, inhibiting pathogens, and degrading tree defense compounds, among other probable traits yet to be discovered. During a study of bacterial associates from I. typographus, we isolated three strains identified as Pseudomonas from different beetle life stages. A polyphasic taxonomical approach showed that they belong to a new species for which the name Pseudomonas typographi sp nov. is proposed. Genome sequences show their potential to hydrolyze wood compounds and synthesize several vitamins; screening for enzymes production was verified using PNP substrates. Assays in Petri dishes confirmed cellulose and xylan hydrolysis. Moreover, the genomes harbor genes encoding chitinases and gene clusters involved in the synthesis of secondary metabolites with antimicrobial potential. In vitro tests confirmed the capability of the three P. typographi strains to inhibit several Ips beetles’ pathogenic fungi. Altogether, these results suggest that P. typographi aids I. typographi nutrition and resistance to fungal pathogens. MDPI 2020-09-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7564387/ /pubmed/32899185 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11090593 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Peral-Aranega, Ezequiel
Saati-Santamaría, Zaki
Kolařik, Miroslav
Rivas, Raúl
García-Fraile, Paula
Bacteria Belonging to Pseudomonas typographi sp. nov. from the Bark Beetle Ips typographus Have Genomic Potential to Aid in the Host Ecology
title Bacteria Belonging to Pseudomonas typographi sp. nov. from the Bark Beetle Ips typographus Have Genomic Potential to Aid in the Host Ecology
title_full Bacteria Belonging to Pseudomonas typographi sp. nov. from the Bark Beetle Ips typographus Have Genomic Potential to Aid in the Host Ecology
title_fullStr Bacteria Belonging to Pseudomonas typographi sp. nov. from the Bark Beetle Ips typographus Have Genomic Potential to Aid in the Host Ecology
title_full_unstemmed Bacteria Belonging to Pseudomonas typographi sp. nov. from the Bark Beetle Ips typographus Have Genomic Potential to Aid in the Host Ecology
title_short Bacteria Belonging to Pseudomonas typographi sp. nov. from the Bark Beetle Ips typographus Have Genomic Potential to Aid in the Host Ecology
title_sort bacteria belonging to pseudomonas typographi sp. nov. from the bark beetle ips typographus have genomic potential to aid in the host ecology
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7564387/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32899185
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11090593
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