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Beyond the Decline of Wild Bees: Optimizing Conservation Measures and Bringing Together the Actors

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Wild bees represent the main group of pollinators in Europe, being responsible for the reproduction of numerous flowering plants. However, like a non-negligible part of biodiversity, this group has been facing a global decline mostly induced by numerous human factors over the last de...

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Autores principales: Drossart, Maxime, Gérard, Maxence
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7564822/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32971790
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11090649
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author Drossart, Maxime
Gérard, Maxence
author_facet Drossart, Maxime
Gérard, Maxence
author_sort Drossart, Maxime
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Wild bees represent the main group of pollinators in Europe, being responsible for the reproduction of numerous flowering plants. However, like a non-negligible part of biodiversity, this group has been facing a global decline mostly induced by numerous human factors over the last decades. Overall, even if all the questions are not solved concerning the causes of their decline, we are beyond the precautionary principle because the decline factors are roughly known, identified and at least partially quantified. Experts are now calling for effective actions to promote wild bee diversity and the enhancement of environmental quality. In this review, we present a general and up-to-date assessment of the conservation methods, as well as their efficiency and the current projects that try to fill the gaps and optimize the conservation measures. This publication aims to be a needed catalyst to implement concrete and qualitative conservation actions for wild bees. ABSTRACT: Wild bees are facing a global decline mostly induced by numerous human factors for the last decades. In parallel, public interest for their conservation increased considerably, namely through numerous scientific studies relayed in the media. In spite of this broad interest, a lack of knowledge and understanding of the subject is blatant and reveals a gap between awareness and understanding. While their decline is extensively studied, information on conservation measures is often scattered in the literature. We are now beyond the precautionary principle and experts are calling for effective actions to promote wild bee diversity and the enhancement of environment quality. In this review, we draw a general and up-to-date assessment of the conservation methods, as well as their efficiency and the current projects that try to fill the gaps and optimize the conservation measures. Targeting bees, we focused our attention on (i) the protection and restoration of wild bee habitats, (ii) the conservation measures in anthropogenic habitats, (iii) the implementation of human made tools, (iv) how to deal with invasive alien species, and finally (v) how to communicate efficiently and accurately. This review can be considered as a needed catalyst to implement concrete and qualitative conversation actions for bees.
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spelling pubmed-75648222020-10-26 Beyond the Decline of Wild Bees: Optimizing Conservation Measures and Bringing Together the Actors Drossart, Maxime Gérard, Maxence Insects Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: Wild bees represent the main group of pollinators in Europe, being responsible for the reproduction of numerous flowering plants. However, like a non-negligible part of biodiversity, this group has been facing a global decline mostly induced by numerous human factors over the last decades. Overall, even if all the questions are not solved concerning the causes of their decline, we are beyond the precautionary principle because the decline factors are roughly known, identified and at least partially quantified. Experts are now calling for effective actions to promote wild bee diversity and the enhancement of environmental quality. In this review, we present a general and up-to-date assessment of the conservation methods, as well as their efficiency and the current projects that try to fill the gaps and optimize the conservation measures. This publication aims to be a needed catalyst to implement concrete and qualitative conservation actions for wild bees. ABSTRACT: Wild bees are facing a global decline mostly induced by numerous human factors for the last decades. In parallel, public interest for their conservation increased considerably, namely through numerous scientific studies relayed in the media. In spite of this broad interest, a lack of knowledge and understanding of the subject is blatant and reveals a gap between awareness and understanding. While their decline is extensively studied, information on conservation measures is often scattered in the literature. We are now beyond the precautionary principle and experts are calling for effective actions to promote wild bee diversity and the enhancement of environment quality. In this review, we draw a general and up-to-date assessment of the conservation methods, as well as their efficiency and the current projects that try to fill the gaps and optimize the conservation measures. Targeting bees, we focused our attention on (i) the protection and restoration of wild bee habitats, (ii) the conservation measures in anthropogenic habitats, (iii) the implementation of human made tools, (iv) how to deal with invasive alien species, and finally (v) how to communicate efficiently and accurately. This review can be considered as a needed catalyst to implement concrete and qualitative conversation actions for bees. MDPI 2020-09-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7564822/ /pubmed/32971790 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11090649 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Drossart, Maxime
Gérard, Maxence
Beyond the Decline of Wild Bees: Optimizing Conservation Measures and Bringing Together the Actors
title Beyond the Decline of Wild Bees: Optimizing Conservation Measures and Bringing Together the Actors
title_full Beyond the Decline of Wild Bees: Optimizing Conservation Measures and Bringing Together the Actors
title_fullStr Beyond the Decline of Wild Bees: Optimizing Conservation Measures and Bringing Together the Actors
title_full_unstemmed Beyond the Decline of Wild Bees: Optimizing Conservation Measures and Bringing Together the Actors
title_short Beyond the Decline of Wild Bees: Optimizing Conservation Measures and Bringing Together the Actors
title_sort beyond the decline of wild bees: optimizing conservation measures and bringing together the actors
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7564822/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32971790
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11090649
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