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Shape Memory Polymer Foam with Programmable Apertures
In this work, a novel type of polyester urethane urea (PEUU) foam is introduced. The foam was produced by reactive foaming using a mixture of poly(1,10–decamethylene adipate) diol and poly(1,4–butylene adipate) diol, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,4–butanediol, diethanolamine and water as blow...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7565147/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32854329 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12091914 |
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author | Walter, Mario Friess, Fabian Krus, Martin Zolanvari, Seyed Mohammad Hassan Grün, Gunnar Kröber, Hartmut Pretsch, Thorsten |
author_facet | Walter, Mario Friess, Fabian Krus, Martin Zolanvari, Seyed Mohammad Hassan Grün, Gunnar Kröber, Hartmut Pretsch, Thorsten |
author_sort | Walter, Mario |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this work, a novel type of polyester urethane urea (PEUU) foam is introduced. The foam was produced by reactive foaming using a mixture of poly(1,10–decamethylene adipate) diol and poly(1,4–butylene adipate) diol, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,4–butanediol, diethanolamine and water as blowing agent. As determined by differential scanning calorimetry, the melting of the ester-based phases occurred at temperatures in between 25 °C and 61 °C, while the crystallization transition spread from 48 °C to 20 °C. The mechanical properties of the foam were simulated with the hyperplastic models Neo-Hookean and Ogden, whereby the latter showed a better agreement with the experimental data as evidenced by a Pearson correlation coefficient R² above 0.99. Once thermomechanically treated, the foam exhibited a maximum actuation of 13.7% in heating-cooling cycles under a constant external load. In turn, thermal cycling under load-free conditions resulted in an actuation of more than 10%. Good thermal insulation properties were demonstrated by thermal conductivities of 0.039 W·(m·K)(−1) in the pristine state and 0.052 W·(m·K)(−1) in a state after compression by 50%, respectively. Finally, three demonstrators were developed, which closed an aperture or opened it again simply by changing the temperature. The self-sufficient material behavior is particularly promising in the construction industry, where programmable air slots offer the prospect of a dynamic insulation system for an adaptive building envelope. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7565147 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75651472020-10-28 Shape Memory Polymer Foam with Programmable Apertures Walter, Mario Friess, Fabian Krus, Martin Zolanvari, Seyed Mohammad Hassan Grün, Gunnar Kröber, Hartmut Pretsch, Thorsten Polymers (Basel) Article In this work, a novel type of polyester urethane urea (PEUU) foam is introduced. The foam was produced by reactive foaming using a mixture of poly(1,10–decamethylene adipate) diol and poly(1,4–butylene adipate) diol, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,4–butanediol, diethanolamine and water as blowing agent. As determined by differential scanning calorimetry, the melting of the ester-based phases occurred at temperatures in between 25 °C and 61 °C, while the crystallization transition spread from 48 °C to 20 °C. The mechanical properties of the foam were simulated with the hyperplastic models Neo-Hookean and Ogden, whereby the latter showed a better agreement with the experimental data as evidenced by a Pearson correlation coefficient R² above 0.99. Once thermomechanically treated, the foam exhibited a maximum actuation of 13.7% in heating-cooling cycles under a constant external load. In turn, thermal cycling under load-free conditions resulted in an actuation of more than 10%. Good thermal insulation properties were demonstrated by thermal conductivities of 0.039 W·(m·K)(−1) in the pristine state and 0.052 W·(m·K)(−1) in a state after compression by 50%, respectively. Finally, three demonstrators were developed, which closed an aperture or opened it again simply by changing the temperature. The self-sufficient material behavior is particularly promising in the construction industry, where programmable air slots offer the prospect of a dynamic insulation system for an adaptive building envelope. MDPI 2020-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7565147/ /pubmed/32854329 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12091914 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Walter, Mario Friess, Fabian Krus, Martin Zolanvari, Seyed Mohammad Hassan Grün, Gunnar Kröber, Hartmut Pretsch, Thorsten Shape Memory Polymer Foam with Programmable Apertures |
title | Shape Memory Polymer Foam with Programmable Apertures |
title_full | Shape Memory Polymer Foam with Programmable Apertures |
title_fullStr | Shape Memory Polymer Foam with Programmable Apertures |
title_full_unstemmed | Shape Memory Polymer Foam with Programmable Apertures |
title_short | Shape Memory Polymer Foam with Programmable Apertures |
title_sort | shape memory polymer foam with programmable apertures |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7565147/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32854329 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12091914 |
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