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Shape Memory Polymer Foam with Programmable Apertures

In this work, a novel type of polyester urethane urea (PEUU) foam is introduced. The foam was produced by reactive foaming using a mixture of poly(1,10–decamethylene adipate) diol and poly(1,4–butylene adipate) diol, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,4–butanediol, diethanolamine and water as blow...

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Autores principales: Walter, Mario, Friess, Fabian, Krus, Martin, Zolanvari, Seyed Mohammad Hassan, Grün, Gunnar, Kröber, Hartmut, Pretsch, Thorsten
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7565147/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32854329
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12091914
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author Walter, Mario
Friess, Fabian
Krus, Martin
Zolanvari, Seyed Mohammad Hassan
Grün, Gunnar
Kröber, Hartmut
Pretsch, Thorsten
author_facet Walter, Mario
Friess, Fabian
Krus, Martin
Zolanvari, Seyed Mohammad Hassan
Grün, Gunnar
Kröber, Hartmut
Pretsch, Thorsten
author_sort Walter, Mario
collection PubMed
description In this work, a novel type of polyester urethane urea (PEUU) foam is introduced. The foam was produced by reactive foaming using a mixture of poly(1,10–decamethylene adipate) diol and poly(1,4–butylene adipate) diol, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,4–butanediol, diethanolamine and water as blowing agent. As determined by differential scanning calorimetry, the melting of the ester-based phases occurred at temperatures in between 25 °C and 61 °C, while the crystallization transition spread from 48 °C to 20 °C. The mechanical properties of the foam were simulated with the hyperplastic models Neo-Hookean and Ogden, whereby the latter showed a better agreement with the experimental data as evidenced by a Pearson correlation coefficient R² above 0.99. Once thermomechanically treated, the foam exhibited a maximum actuation of 13.7% in heating-cooling cycles under a constant external load. In turn, thermal cycling under load-free conditions resulted in an actuation of more than 10%. Good thermal insulation properties were demonstrated by thermal conductivities of 0.039 W·(m·K)(−1) in the pristine state and 0.052 W·(m·K)(−1) in a state after compression by 50%, respectively. Finally, three demonstrators were developed, which closed an aperture or opened it again simply by changing the temperature. The self-sufficient material behavior is particularly promising in the construction industry, where programmable air slots offer the prospect of a dynamic insulation system for an adaptive building envelope.
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spelling pubmed-75651472020-10-28 Shape Memory Polymer Foam with Programmable Apertures Walter, Mario Friess, Fabian Krus, Martin Zolanvari, Seyed Mohammad Hassan Grün, Gunnar Kröber, Hartmut Pretsch, Thorsten Polymers (Basel) Article In this work, a novel type of polyester urethane urea (PEUU) foam is introduced. The foam was produced by reactive foaming using a mixture of poly(1,10–decamethylene adipate) diol and poly(1,4–butylene adipate) diol, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,4–butanediol, diethanolamine and water as blowing agent. As determined by differential scanning calorimetry, the melting of the ester-based phases occurred at temperatures in between 25 °C and 61 °C, while the crystallization transition spread from 48 °C to 20 °C. The mechanical properties of the foam were simulated with the hyperplastic models Neo-Hookean and Ogden, whereby the latter showed a better agreement with the experimental data as evidenced by a Pearson correlation coefficient R² above 0.99. Once thermomechanically treated, the foam exhibited a maximum actuation of 13.7% in heating-cooling cycles under a constant external load. In turn, thermal cycling under load-free conditions resulted in an actuation of more than 10%. Good thermal insulation properties were demonstrated by thermal conductivities of 0.039 W·(m·K)(−1) in the pristine state and 0.052 W·(m·K)(−1) in a state after compression by 50%, respectively. Finally, three demonstrators were developed, which closed an aperture or opened it again simply by changing the temperature. The self-sufficient material behavior is particularly promising in the construction industry, where programmable air slots offer the prospect of a dynamic insulation system for an adaptive building envelope. MDPI 2020-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7565147/ /pubmed/32854329 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12091914 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Walter, Mario
Friess, Fabian
Krus, Martin
Zolanvari, Seyed Mohammad Hassan
Grün, Gunnar
Kröber, Hartmut
Pretsch, Thorsten
Shape Memory Polymer Foam with Programmable Apertures
title Shape Memory Polymer Foam with Programmable Apertures
title_full Shape Memory Polymer Foam with Programmable Apertures
title_fullStr Shape Memory Polymer Foam with Programmable Apertures
title_full_unstemmed Shape Memory Polymer Foam with Programmable Apertures
title_short Shape Memory Polymer Foam with Programmable Apertures
title_sort shape memory polymer foam with programmable apertures
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7565147/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32854329
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12091914
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