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Novel Sub-Clustering of Class III Skeletal Malocclusion Phenotypes in a Southern European Population Based on Proportional Measurements

Current phenotypic characterizations of Class III malocclusion are influenced more by gender or ethnic origin than by raw linear skeletal measurements. The aim of the present research is to develop a Class III skeletal malocclusion sub-phenotype characterization based on proportional cranial measure...

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Autores principales: de Frutos-Valle, Leixuri, Martín, Conchita, Alarcón, José Antonio, Palma-Fernández, Juan Carlos, Ortega, Ricardo, Iglesias-Linares, Alejandro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7565379/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32971753
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9093048
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author de Frutos-Valle, Leixuri
Martín, Conchita
Alarcón, José Antonio
Palma-Fernández, Juan Carlos
Ortega, Ricardo
Iglesias-Linares, Alejandro
author_facet de Frutos-Valle, Leixuri
Martín, Conchita
Alarcón, José Antonio
Palma-Fernández, Juan Carlos
Ortega, Ricardo
Iglesias-Linares, Alejandro
author_sort de Frutos-Valle, Leixuri
collection PubMed
description Current phenotypic characterizations of Class III malocclusion are influenced more by gender or ethnic origin than by raw linear skeletal measurements. The aim of the present research is to develop a Class III skeletal malocclusion sub-phenotype characterization based on proportional cranial measurements using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Radiometric data from 212 adult subjects (115 women and 96 men) of southern European origin affected by Class III skeletal malocclusion were analyzed. A total of 120 measurements were made, 26 were proportional skeletal measurements, which were used to perform principal component analysis and subsequent cluster analysis. The remaining 94 supplementary measurements were used for a greater description of the identified clusters. Principal component analysis established eight principal components that explained 85.1% of the total variance. The first three principal components explained 51.4% of the variance and described mandibular proportions, anterior facial height proportions, and posterior–anterior cranial proportions. Cluster analysis established four phenotypic subgroups, representing 18.4% (C1), 20.75% (C2), 38.68% (C3), and 22.17% (C4) of the sample. A new sub-clustering of skeletal Class III malocclusions that avoids gender influence is provided. Our results improve clinicians’ resources for Class III malocclusion and could improve the diagnostic and treatment approaches for this malocclusion.
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spelling pubmed-75653792020-10-26 Novel Sub-Clustering of Class III Skeletal Malocclusion Phenotypes in a Southern European Population Based on Proportional Measurements de Frutos-Valle, Leixuri Martín, Conchita Alarcón, José Antonio Palma-Fernández, Juan Carlos Ortega, Ricardo Iglesias-Linares, Alejandro J Clin Med Article Current phenotypic characterizations of Class III malocclusion are influenced more by gender or ethnic origin than by raw linear skeletal measurements. The aim of the present research is to develop a Class III skeletal malocclusion sub-phenotype characterization based on proportional cranial measurements using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Radiometric data from 212 adult subjects (115 women and 96 men) of southern European origin affected by Class III skeletal malocclusion were analyzed. A total of 120 measurements were made, 26 were proportional skeletal measurements, which were used to perform principal component analysis and subsequent cluster analysis. The remaining 94 supplementary measurements were used for a greater description of the identified clusters. Principal component analysis established eight principal components that explained 85.1% of the total variance. The first three principal components explained 51.4% of the variance and described mandibular proportions, anterior facial height proportions, and posterior–anterior cranial proportions. Cluster analysis established four phenotypic subgroups, representing 18.4% (C1), 20.75% (C2), 38.68% (C3), and 22.17% (C4) of the sample. A new sub-clustering of skeletal Class III malocclusions that avoids gender influence is provided. Our results improve clinicians’ resources for Class III malocclusion and could improve the diagnostic and treatment approaches for this malocclusion. MDPI 2020-09-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7565379/ /pubmed/32971753 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9093048 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
de Frutos-Valle, Leixuri
Martín, Conchita
Alarcón, José Antonio
Palma-Fernández, Juan Carlos
Ortega, Ricardo
Iglesias-Linares, Alejandro
Novel Sub-Clustering of Class III Skeletal Malocclusion Phenotypes in a Southern European Population Based on Proportional Measurements
title Novel Sub-Clustering of Class III Skeletal Malocclusion Phenotypes in a Southern European Population Based on Proportional Measurements
title_full Novel Sub-Clustering of Class III Skeletal Malocclusion Phenotypes in a Southern European Population Based on Proportional Measurements
title_fullStr Novel Sub-Clustering of Class III Skeletal Malocclusion Phenotypes in a Southern European Population Based on Proportional Measurements
title_full_unstemmed Novel Sub-Clustering of Class III Skeletal Malocclusion Phenotypes in a Southern European Population Based on Proportional Measurements
title_short Novel Sub-Clustering of Class III Skeletal Malocclusion Phenotypes in a Southern European Population Based on Proportional Measurements
title_sort novel sub-clustering of class iii skeletal malocclusion phenotypes in a southern european population based on proportional measurements
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7565379/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32971753
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9093048
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