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COVID-19 rapid diagnostic test could contain transmission in low- and middle-income countries

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has impacted heavily on global health. Although real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the current diagnostic method, challenges for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs...

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Autores principales: Olalekan, Adesola, Iwalokun, Bamidele, Akinloye, Oluwabukola M., Popoola, Olayiwola, Samuel, Titilola A., Akinloye, Oluyemi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: AOSIS 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7567180/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33102170
http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ajlm.v9i1.1255
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author Olalekan, Adesola
Iwalokun, Bamidele
Akinloye, Oluwabukola M.
Popoola, Olayiwola
Samuel, Titilola A.
Akinloye, Oluyemi
author_facet Olalekan, Adesola
Iwalokun, Bamidele
Akinloye, Oluwabukola M.
Popoola, Olayiwola
Samuel, Titilola A.
Akinloye, Oluyemi
author_sort Olalekan, Adesola
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has impacted heavily on global health. Although real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the current diagnostic method, challenges for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) necessitate cheaper, higher-throughput, reliable rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). OBJECTIVE: We reviewed the documented performance characteristics of available COVID-19 RDTs to understand their public health utility in the ongoing pandemic, especially in resource-scarce LMIC settings. METHODS: Using a scoping review methodology framework, common literature databases and documentary reports were searched up to 22 April 2020, irrespective of geographical location. The search terms included ‘SARS-CoV-2 AND serological testing’ and ‘COVID-19 AND serological testing’. RESULTS: A total of 18 RDTs produced in eight countries, namely China (6; 33.33%), the United States (4; 22.22%), Germany (2; 11.11%), Singapore (2; 11.11%), Canada, Kenya, Korea and Belgium (1 each; 5.56%), were evaluated. Reported sensitivity ranged from 18.4% to 100% (average = 84.7%), whereas specificity ranged from 90.6% to 100% (average = 95.6%). The testing time ranged from 2 min to 30 min. Of the 12 validated RDTs, the IgM/IgG duo kit with non-colloidal gold labelling system was reported to elicit the highest sensitivity (98% – 100%) and specificity (98% – 99% for IgG and 96% – 99% for IgM). CONCLUSION: We found reports of high sensitivity and specificity among the developed RDTs that could complement RT-PCR for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, especially for screening in LMICs. However, it is necessary to validate these kits locally.
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spelling pubmed-75671802020-10-22 COVID-19 rapid diagnostic test could contain transmission in low- and middle-income countries Olalekan, Adesola Iwalokun, Bamidele Akinloye, Oluwabukola M. Popoola, Olayiwola Samuel, Titilola A. Akinloye, Oluyemi Afr J Lab Med Review Article BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has impacted heavily on global health. Although real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the current diagnostic method, challenges for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) necessitate cheaper, higher-throughput, reliable rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). OBJECTIVE: We reviewed the documented performance characteristics of available COVID-19 RDTs to understand their public health utility in the ongoing pandemic, especially in resource-scarce LMIC settings. METHODS: Using a scoping review methodology framework, common literature databases and documentary reports were searched up to 22 April 2020, irrespective of geographical location. The search terms included ‘SARS-CoV-2 AND serological testing’ and ‘COVID-19 AND serological testing’. RESULTS: A total of 18 RDTs produced in eight countries, namely China (6; 33.33%), the United States (4; 22.22%), Germany (2; 11.11%), Singapore (2; 11.11%), Canada, Kenya, Korea and Belgium (1 each; 5.56%), were evaluated. Reported sensitivity ranged from 18.4% to 100% (average = 84.7%), whereas specificity ranged from 90.6% to 100% (average = 95.6%). The testing time ranged from 2 min to 30 min. Of the 12 validated RDTs, the IgM/IgG duo kit with non-colloidal gold labelling system was reported to elicit the highest sensitivity (98% – 100%) and specificity (98% – 99% for IgG and 96% – 99% for IgM). CONCLUSION: We found reports of high sensitivity and specificity among the developed RDTs that could complement RT-PCR for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, especially for screening in LMICs. However, it is necessary to validate these kits locally. AOSIS 2020-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7567180/ /pubmed/33102170 http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ajlm.v9i1.1255 Text en © 2020. The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Licensee: AOSIS. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License.
spellingShingle Review Article
Olalekan, Adesola
Iwalokun, Bamidele
Akinloye, Oluwabukola M.
Popoola, Olayiwola
Samuel, Titilola A.
Akinloye, Oluyemi
COVID-19 rapid diagnostic test could contain transmission in low- and middle-income countries
title COVID-19 rapid diagnostic test could contain transmission in low- and middle-income countries
title_full COVID-19 rapid diagnostic test could contain transmission in low- and middle-income countries
title_fullStr COVID-19 rapid diagnostic test could contain transmission in low- and middle-income countries
title_full_unstemmed COVID-19 rapid diagnostic test could contain transmission in low- and middle-income countries
title_short COVID-19 rapid diagnostic test could contain transmission in low- and middle-income countries
title_sort covid-19 rapid diagnostic test could contain transmission in low- and middle-income countries
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7567180/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33102170
http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ajlm.v9i1.1255
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