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Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of microplastics in marine organisms: A review and meta-analysis of current data

Microplastic (MP) contamination has been well documented across a range of habitats and for a large number of organisms in the marine environment. Consequently, bioaccumulation, and in particular biomagnification of MPs and associated chemical additives, are often inferred to occur in marine food we...

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Autores principales: Miller, Michaela E., Hamann, Mark, Kroon, Frederieke J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7567360/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33064755
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240792
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author Miller, Michaela E.
Hamann, Mark
Kroon, Frederieke J.
author_facet Miller, Michaela E.
Hamann, Mark
Kroon, Frederieke J.
author_sort Miller, Michaela E.
collection PubMed
description Microplastic (MP) contamination has been well documented across a range of habitats and for a large number of organisms in the marine environment. Consequently, bioaccumulation, and in particular biomagnification of MPs and associated chemical additives, are often inferred to occur in marine food webs. Presented here are the results of a systematic literature review to examine whether current, published findings support the premise that MPs and associated chemical additives bioaccumulate and biomagnify across a general marine food web. First, field and laboratory-derived contamination data on marine species were standardised by sample size from a total of 116 publications. Second, following assignment of each species to one of five main trophic levels, the average uptake of MPs and of associated chemical additives was estimated across all species within each level. These uptake data within and across the five trophic levels were then critically examined for any evidence of bioaccumulation and biomagnification. Findings corroborate previous studies that MP bioaccumulation occurs within each trophic level, while current evidence around bioaccumulation of associated chemical additives is much more ambiguous. In contrast, MP biomagnification across a general marine food web is not supported by current field observations, while results from the few laboratory studies supporting trophic transfer are hampered by using unrealistic exposure conditions. Further, a lack of both field and laboratory data precludes an examination of potential trophic transfer and biomagnification of chemical additives associated with MPs. Combined, these findings indicate that, although bioaccumulation of MPs occurs within trophic levels, no clear sign of MP biomagnification in situ was observed at the higher trophic levels. Recommendations for future studies to focus on investigating ingestion, retention and depuration rates for MPs and chemical additives under environmentally realistic conditions, and on examining the potential of multi-level trophic transfer for MPs and chemical additives have been made.
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spelling pubmed-75673602020-10-21 Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of microplastics in marine organisms: A review and meta-analysis of current data Miller, Michaela E. Hamann, Mark Kroon, Frederieke J. PLoS One Research Article Microplastic (MP) contamination has been well documented across a range of habitats and for a large number of organisms in the marine environment. Consequently, bioaccumulation, and in particular biomagnification of MPs and associated chemical additives, are often inferred to occur in marine food webs. Presented here are the results of a systematic literature review to examine whether current, published findings support the premise that MPs and associated chemical additives bioaccumulate and biomagnify across a general marine food web. First, field and laboratory-derived contamination data on marine species were standardised by sample size from a total of 116 publications. Second, following assignment of each species to one of five main trophic levels, the average uptake of MPs and of associated chemical additives was estimated across all species within each level. These uptake data within and across the five trophic levels were then critically examined for any evidence of bioaccumulation and biomagnification. Findings corroborate previous studies that MP bioaccumulation occurs within each trophic level, while current evidence around bioaccumulation of associated chemical additives is much more ambiguous. In contrast, MP biomagnification across a general marine food web is not supported by current field observations, while results from the few laboratory studies supporting trophic transfer are hampered by using unrealistic exposure conditions. Further, a lack of both field and laboratory data precludes an examination of potential trophic transfer and biomagnification of chemical additives associated with MPs. Combined, these findings indicate that, although bioaccumulation of MPs occurs within trophic levels, no clear sign of MP biomagnification in situ was observed at the higher trophic levels. Recommendations for future studies to focus on investigating ingestion, retention and depuration rates for MPs and chemical additives under environmentally realistic conditions, and on examining the potential of multi-level trophic transfer for MPs and chemical additives have been made. Public Library of Science 2020-10-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7567360/ /pubmed/33064755 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240792 Text en © 2020 Miller et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Miller, Michaela E.
Hamann, Mark
Kroon, Frederieke J.
Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of microplastics in marine organisms: A review and meta-analysis of current data
title Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of microplastics in marine organisms: A review and meta-analysis of current data
title_full Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of microplastics in marine organisms: A review and meta-analysis of current data
title_fullStr Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of microplastics in marine organisms: A review and meta-analysis of current data
title_full_unstemmed Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of microplastics in marine organisms: A review and meta-analysis of current data
title_short Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of microplastics in marine organisms: A review and meta-analysis of current data
title_sort bioaccumulation and biomagnification of microplastics in marine organisms: a review and meta-analysis of current data
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7567360/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33064755
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240792
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