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Time-related changes in sex distribution of COVID-19 incidence proportion in Italy
BACKGROUND: Variable sex-disaggregated data on Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) incidence proportion (IP) have been reported in different datasets and studies. Factors explaining the inconsistent distribution of COVID-19 among sexes are still unclear. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to analyse time-...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7568205/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33102879 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05304 |
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author | Bianconi, Vanessa Mannarino, Massimo R. Bronzo, Paola Marini, Ettore Pirro, Matteo |
author_facet | Bianconi, Vanessa Mannarino, Massimo R. Bronzo, Paola Marini, Ettore Pirro, Matteo |
author_sort | Bianconi, Vanessa |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Variable sex-disaggregated data on Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) incidence proportion (IP) have been reported in different datasets and studies. Factors explaining the inconsistent distribution of COVID-19 among sexes are still unclear. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to analyse time-related variation of sex-disaggregated COVID-19 IP in Italy since March 9(th) to May 11(th) 2020, and to test its association with the frequency of swab testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). STUDY DESIGN: Sex-disaggregated data on COVID-19 cases were collected from Italian publicly accessible databases along with undisaggregated data on the number of reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) SARS-CoV-2 tests. Crude and adjusted associations between the frequency of RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 testing and male-to-female (M/F) ratio of COVID-19 IP were performed. RESULTS: COVID-19 IP increased progressively in both sexes. Sex prevalence of COVID-19 IP reversed over time, with the M/F ratio of COVID-19 IP having passed from 1,73 to 0,91. The mean number of daily swabs for RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 test increased progressively until reaching a plateau in the last three weeks of the study period. The M/F ratio of COVID-19 IP inversely correlated with the number of daily swabs for RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 test (r = -0,87, p < 0.001), even after adjusting for the median age of COVID-19 cases (β = -0,66, p < 0,001). CONCLUSIONS: Time-related changes of sex distribution of COVID-19 IP in Italy are strongly influenced by the number of swabs testing for SARS-CoV-2. Whether gender-related disparities in the access to the diagnosis of COVID-19 may explain such a result need to be explored. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7568205 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75682052020-10-19 Time-related changes in sex distribution of COVID-19 incidence proportion in Italy Bianconi, Vanessa Mannarino, Massimo R. Bronzo, Paola Marini, Ettore Pirro, Matteo Heliyon Research Article BACKGROUND: Variable sex-disaggregated data on Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) incidence proportion (IP) have been reported in different datasets and studies. Factors explaining the inconsistent distribution of COVID-19 among sexes are still unclear. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to analyse time-related variation of sex-disaggregated COVID-19 IP in Italy since March 9(th) to May 11(th) 2020, and to test its association with the frequency of swab testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). STUDY DESIGN: Sex-disaggregated data on COVID-19 cases were collected from Italian publicly accessible databases along with undisaggregated data on the number of reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) SARS-CoV-2 tests. Crude and adjusted associations between the frequency of RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 testing and male-to-female (M/F) ratio of COVID-19 IP were performed. RESULTS: COVID-19 IP increased progressively in both sexes. Sex prevalence of COVID-19 IP reversed over time, with the M/F ratio of COVID-19 IP having passed from 1,73 to 0,91. The mean number of daily swabs for RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 test increased progressively until reaching a plateau in the last three weeks of the study period. The M/F ratio of COVID-19 IP inversely correlated with the number of daily swabs for RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 test (r = -0,87, p < 0.001), even after adjusting for the median age of COVID-19 cases (β = -0,66, p < 0,001). CONCLUSIONS: Time-related changes of sex distribution of COVID-19 IP in Italy are strongly influenced by the number of swabs testing for SARS-CoV-2. Whether gender-related disparities in the access to the diagnosis of COVID-19 may explain such a result need to be explored. Elsevier 2020-10-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7568205/ /pubmed/33102879 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05304 Text en © 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Research Article Bianconi, Vanessa Mannarino, Massimo R. Bronzo, Paola Marini, Ettore Pirro, Matteo Time-related changes in sex distribution of COVID-19 incidence proportion in Italy |
title | Time-related changes in sex distribution of COVID-19 incidence proportion in Italy |
title_full | Time-related changes in sex distribution of COVID-19 incidence proportion in Italy |
title_fullStr | Time-related changes in sex distribution of COVID-19 incidence proportion in Italy |
title_full_unstemmed | Time-related changes in sex distribution of COVID-19 incidence proportion in Italy |
title_short | Time-related changes in sex distribution of COVID-19 incidence proportion in Italy |
title_sort | time-related changes in sex distribution of covid-19 incidence proportion in italy |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7568205/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33102879 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05304 |
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