Development of the Modified Ocimum gratissimum Seeds for Orally Disintegrating Tablets

BACKGROUND: Natural materials have been encouraged in controlled drug release and improved drug bioavailability. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop a modification process for the use of a natural material, Ocimum gratissimum seeds (OGS), in Orally Disintegrating Tablets (ODTs). METHODS: The OGS was investigated with four different modification processes including only milling, swelling, swelling/milling, and swelling/milling/incubation. The ODTs containing the modified OGS as a disintegrant were prepared by the wet granulation method. Furthermore, an evaluation to assess parameters of tablets, such as weight variation, hardness, friability, wetting time, disintegration time, drug content, and dissolution studies, was performed. RESULTS: The modification of OGS using the swelling/ milling process resulted in a completion of OGS modification, leading to an ideal wetting time, disintegrating time, and dissolution rate. The OGS concentrations also affected the wetting and disintegrating time with the optimal range of ODTs from 15% to 20%. On the other hand, the modification with the incubation processes varied by temperature and time increased the wetting time and disintegrating time. CONCLUSIONS: The modified OGS demonstrated that it is a potential material with the advantages of cost-effectiveness, non-toxicity and easy manufacture in the preparation of ODTs.