HFR Projector Camera Based Visible Light Communication System for Real-Time Video Streaming

This study develops a projector–camera-based visible light communication (VLC) system for real-time broadband video streaming, in which a high frame rate (HFR) projector can encode and project a color input video sequence into binary image patterns modulated at thousands of frames per second and an HFR vision system can capture and decode these binary patterns into the input color video sequence with real-time video processing. For maximum utilization of the high-throughput transmission ability of the HFR projector, we introduce a projector–camera VLC protocol, wherein a multi-level color video sequence is binary-modulated with a gray code for encoding and decoding instead of pure-code-based binary modulation. Gray code encoding is introduced to address the ambiguity with mismatched pixel alignments along the gradients between the projector and vision system. Our proposed VLC system consists of an HFR projector, which can project 590 × 1060 binary images at 1041 fps via HDMI streaming and a monochrome HFR camera system, which can capture and process 12-bit 512 × 512 images in real time at 3125 fps; it can simultaneously decode and reconstruct 24-bit RGB video sequences at 31 fps, including an error correction process. The effectiveness of the proposed VLC system was verified via several experiments by streaming offline and live video sequences.