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Biology and Interaction of the Natural Occurrence of Distinct Monopartite Begomoviruses Associated With Satellites in Capsicum annum From India

Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important vegetable and spice crop of tropical and sub-tropical regions. Chili plants showing upward leaf curling, leaf crinkling, and leaf yellowing symptoms, collected from Sikar district of Rajasthan, India, were found to be associated with begomovirus and satelli...

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Autores principales: Mishra, Megha, Verma, Rakesh Kumar, Marwal, Avinash, Sharma, Pradeep, Gaur, R. K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7575687/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33117300
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.512957
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author Mishra, Megha
Verma, Rakesh Kumar
Marwal, Avinash
Sharma, Pradeep
Gaur, R. K.
author_facet Mishra, Megha
Verma, Rakesh Kumar
Marwal, Avinash
Sharma, Pradeep
Gaur, R. K.
author_sort Mishra, Megha
collection PubMed
description Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important vegetable and spice crop of tropical and sub-tropical regions. Chili plants showing upward leaf curling, leaf crinkling, and leaf yellowing symptoms, collected from Sikar district of Rajasthan, India, were found to be associated with begomovirus and satellite molecules. The presence of virus was confirmed by PCR using virus-specific primer. The full-length genomic DNA-A of three begomovirus (MM-1, CS-1 and RV-1) and two satellites (MM-2 and MM-3) were cloned which was identified from single symptomatic chili plant. The genome organization of isolated three viruses is similar to those of other Old World monopartite begomoviruses. The comparison of the sequences and closest phylogenetic relationships for the begomoviruses, betasatellite and alphasatellite DNAs revealed that MM-1 was designated as DNA-A of Chili leaf curl virus (ChiLCV), CS-1 is considered to be a new distinct species of Tomato leaf curl Gujrat virus (ToLCGV) whereas RV-1 as a new strain of Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV). The DNA-A component of ChiLCV showed 8.6%, ToLCGV of 16.6% and CLCuMuV of 7.7% average evolutionary divergence, concomitantly, the betasatellite and alphasatellite molecule had 9.9% and 5.9% overall sequence divergence, respectively. Interestingly, most of the begomoviruses were found to be intra-species recombinants. The dN/dS ratio and Tajima D value of all viral DNA-A component and their associated betasatellite showed their selective control on evolutionary relationships. The nucleotide substitution rates were determined for the DNA-A genomes of ChiLCV (7.22 × 10(–4) substitutions site(–1) year(–1)), CLCuMuV (1.49 × 10(–4) substitutions site(–1) year(–1)), ToLCGV (7.47 × 10(–4) substitutions site(–1) year(–1)), the genome of associated ChiLCB (4.20 × 10(–4) substitutions site(–1) year(–1)) and CLCuMuA (1.49 × 10(–4) substitutions site(–1) year(–1)). Agro-inoculation studies indicate that the presence of DNA betasatellite induce severe symptoms in N. benthamiana and chili, suggesting prerequisite association for typical disease development.
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spelling pubmed-75756872020-10-27 Biology and Interaction of the Natural Occurrence of Distinct Monopartite Begomoviruses Associated With Satellites in Capsicum annum From India Mishra, Megha Verma, Rakesh Kumar Marwal, Avinash Sharma, Pradeep Gaur, R. K. Front Microbiol Microbiology Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is an important vegetable and spice crop of tropical and sub-tropical regions. Chili plants showing upward leaf curling, leaf crinkling, and leaf yellowing symptoms, collected from Sikar district of Rajasthan, India, were found to be associated with begomovirus and satellite molecules. The presence of virus was confirmed by PCR using virus-specific primer. The full-length genomic DNA-A of three begomovirus (MM-1, CS-1 and RV-1) and two satellites (MM-2 and MM-3) were cloned which was identified from single symptomatic chili plant. The genome organization of isolated three viruses is similar to those of other Old World monopartite begomoviruses. The comparison of the sequences and closest phylogenetic relationships for the begomoviruses, betasatellite and alphasatellite DNAs revealed that MM-1 was designated as DNA-A of Chili leaf curl virus (ChiLCV), CS-1 is considered to be a new distinct species of Tomato leaf curl Gujrat virus (ToLCGV) whereas RV-1 as a new strain of Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV). The DNA-A component of ChiLCV showed 8.6%, ToLCGV of 16.6% and CLCuMuV of 7.7% average evolutionary divergence, concomitantly, the betasatellite and alphasatellite molecule had 9.9% and 5.9% overall sequence divergence, respectively. Interestingly, most of the begomoviruses were found to be intra-species recombinants. The dN/dS ratio and Tajima D value of all viral DNA-A component and their associated betasatellite showed their selective control on evolutionary relationships. The nucleotide substitution rates were determined for the DNA-A genomes of ChiLCV (7.22 × 10(–4) substitutions site(–1) year(–1)), CLCuMuV (1.49 × 10(–4) substitutions site(–1) year(–1)), ToLCGV (7.47 × 10(–4) substitutions site(–1) year(–1)), the genome of associated ChiLCB (4.20 × 10(–4) substitutions site(–1) year(–1)) and CLCuMuA (1.49 × 10(–4) substitutions site(–1) year(–1)). Agro-inoculation studies indicate that the presence of DNA betasatellite induce severe symptoms in N. benthamiana and chili, suggesting prerequisite association for typical disease development. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-10-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7575687/ /pubmed/33117300 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.512957 Text en Copyright © 2020 Mishra, Verma, Marwal, Sharma and Gaur. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Mishra, Megha
Verma, Rakesh Kumar
Marwal, Avinash
Sharma, Pradeep
Gaur, R. K.
Biology and Interaction of the Natural Occurrence of Distinct Monopartite Begomoviruses Associated With Satellites in Capsicum annum From India
title Biology and Interaction of the Natural Occurrence of Distinct Monopartite Begomoviruses Associated With Satellites in Capsicum annum From India
title_full Biology and Interaction of the Natural Occurrence of Distinct Monopartite Begomoviruses Associated With Satellites in Capsicum annum From India
title_fullStr Biology and Interaction of the Natural Occurrence of Distinct Monopartite Begomoviruses Associated With Satellites in Capsicum annum From India
title_full_unstemmed Biology and Interaction of the Natural Occurrence of Distinct Monopartite Begomoviruses Associated With Satellites in Capsicum annum From India
title_short Biology and Interaction of the Natural Occurrence of Distinct Monopartite Begomoviruses Associated With Satellites in Capsicum annum From India
title_sort biology and interaction of the natural occurrence of distinct monopartite begomoviruses associated with satellites in capsicum annum from india
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7575687/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33117300
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.512957
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