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Is It High Time to Increase Elite Soccer Substitutions Permanently?
Rules determine how team sport matches occur. Match-induced fatigue is specific to each sport, and may be associated with injury incidence. For example, the injury rate in soccer is distinctly higher during matches than in training sessions. Understanding the differences between team sports rules mi...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7579365/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32992687 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197008 |
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author | Mota, Gustavo R. dos Santos, Izabela Aparecida Arriel, Rhaí André Marocolo, Moacir |
author_facet | Mota, Gustavo R. dos Santos, Izabela Aparecida Arriel, Rhaí André Marocolo, Moacir |
author_sort | Mota, Gustavo R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Rules determine how team sport matches occur. Match-induced fatigue is specific to each sport, and may be associated with injury incidence. For example, the injury rate in soccer is distinctly higher during matches than in training sessions. Understanding the differences between team sports rules might be useful for enhancing rules (e.g., safer sport). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of the rule-induced physical demands between soccer, futsal, basketball, and handball, focusing on substitution rules. Data from the elite team sports’ rules (e.g., absolute and relative court dimensions; the number of players, substitutions allowed, total game time, time-outs) were collected, including the changes due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in soccer substitutions, and comparisons were performed. The data showed that soccer has higher rule-induced physical demands: e.g., substantially lower substitution rate, higher dimensions in absolute (eight to fifteen times), and relative (four to eight times) values. Simulations also showed that soccer has extremely large differences, even considering COVID-19 substitution changes (from three to up to five). We conclude that elite soccer has remarkably higher overall rule-induced physical demands than elite futsal, basketball and handball, and increasing soccer substitutions permanently (e.g., unlimited) might mitigate overall soccer demands. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7579365 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75793652020-10-29 Is It High Time to Increase Elite Soccer Substitutions Permanently? Mota, Gustavo R. dos Santos, Izabela Aparecida Arriel, Rhaí André Marocolo, Moacir Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Rules determine how team sport matches occur. Match-induced fatigue is specific to each sport, and may be associated with injury incidence. For example, the injury rate in soccer is distinctly higher during matches than in training sessions. Understanding the differences between team sports rules might be useful for enhancing rules (e.g., safer sport). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of the rule-induced physical demands between soccer, futsal, basketball, and handball, focusing on substitution rules. Data from the elite team sports’ rules (e.g., absolute and relative court dimensions; the number of players, substitutions allowed, total game time, time-outs) were collected, including the changes due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in soccer substitutions, and comparisons were performed. The data showed that soccer has higher rule-induced physical demands: e.g., substantially lower substitution rate, higher dimensions in absolute (eight to fifteen times), and relative (four to eight times) values. Simulations also showed that soccer has extremely large differences, even considering COVID-19 substitution changes (from three to up to five). We conclude that elite soccer has remarkably higher overall rule-induced physical demands than elite futsal, basketball and handball, and increasing soccer substitutions permanently (e.g., unlimited) might mitigate overall soccer demands. MDPI 2020-09-25 2020-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7579365/ /pubmed/32992687 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197008 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Mota, Gustavo R. dos Santos, Izabela Aparecida Arriel, Rhaí André Marocolo, Moacir Is It High Time to Increase Elite Soccer Substitutions Permanently? |
title | Is It High Time to Increase Elite Soccer Substitutions Permanently? |
title_full | Is It High Time to Increase Elite Soccer Substitutions Permanently? |
title_fullStr | Is It High Time to Increase Elite Soccer Substitutions Permanently? |
title_full_unstemmed | Is It High Time to Increase Elite Soccer Substitutions Permanently? |
title_short | Is It High Time to Increase Elite Soccer Substitutions Permanently? |
title_sort | is it high time to increase elite soccer substitutions permanently? |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7579365/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32992687 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197008 |
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