Cargando…
Impact of Freeze–Thaw Cycles on Die-Off of E. coli and Intestinal Enterococci in Deer and Dairy Faeces: Implications for Landscape Contamination of Watercourses
Characterising faecal indicator organism (FIO) survival in the environment is important for informing land management and minimising public health risk to downstream water users. However, key gaps in knowledge include understanding how wildlife contribute to catchment-wide FIO sources and how FIO su...
Autores principales: | , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7579438/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32987924 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17196999 |
_version_ | 1783598590377066496 |
---|---|
author | Afolabi, Emmanuel O. Quilliam, Richard S. Oliver, David M. |
author_facet | Afolabi, Emmanuel O. Quilliam, Richard S. Oliver, David M. |
author_sort | Afolabi, Emmanuel O. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Characterising faecal indicator organism (FIO) survival in the environment is important for informing land management and minimising public health risk to downstream water users. However, key gaps in knowledge include understanding how wildlife contribute to catchment-wide FIO sources and how FIO survival is affected by low environmental temperatures. The aim of this study was to quantify E. coli and intestinal enterococci die-off in dairy cow versus red deer faecal sources exposed to repeated freeze–thaw cycles under controlled laboratory conditions. Survival of FIOs in water exposed to freeze–thaw was also investigated to help interpret survival responses. Both E. coli and intestinal enterococci were capable of surviving sub-freezing conditions with the faeces from both animals able to sustain relatively high FIO concentrations, as indicated by modelling, and observations revealing persistence in excess of 11 days and in some cases confirmed beyond 22 days. Die-off responses of deer-derived FIOs in both faeces and water exposed to low temperatures provide much needed information to enable better accounting of the varied catchment sources of faecal pollution and results from this study help constrain the parameterisation of die-off coefficients to better inform more integrated modelling and decision-making for microbial water quality management. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7579438 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75794382020-10-29 Impact of Freeze–Thaw Cycles on Die-Off of E. coli and Intestinal Enterococci in Deer and Dairy Faeces: Implications for Landscape Contamination of Watercourses Afolabi, Emmanuel O. Quilliam, Richard S. Oliver, David M. Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Characterising faecal indicator organism (FIO) survival in the environment is important for informing land management and minimising public health risk to downstream water users. However, key gaps in knowledge include understanding how wildlife contribute to catchment-wide FIO sources and how FIO survival is affected by low environmental temperatures. The aim of this study was to quantify E. coli and intestinal enterococci die-off in dairy cow versus red deer faecal sources exposed to repeated freeze–thaw cycles under controlled laboratory conditions. Survival of FIOs in water exposed to freeze–thaw was also investigated to help interpret survival responses. Both E. coli and intestinal enterococci were capable of surviving sub-freezing conditions with the faeces from both animals able to sustain relatively high FIO concentrations, as indicated by modelling, and observations revealing persistence in excess of 11 days and in some cases confirmed beyond 22 days. Die-off responses of deer-derived FIOs in both faeces and water exposed to low temperatures provide much needed information to enable better accounting of the varied catchment sources of faecal pollution and results from this study help constrain the parameterisation of die-off coefficients to better inform more integrated modelling and decision-making for microbial water quality management. MDPI 2020-09-24 2020-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7579438/ /pubmed/32987924 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17196999 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Afolabi, Emmanuel O. Quilliam, Richard S. Oliver, David M. Impact of Freeze–Thaw Cycles on Die-Off of E. coli and Intestinal Enterococci in Deer and Dairy Faeces: Implications for Landscape Contamination of Watercourses |
title | Impact of Freeze–Thaw Cycles on Die-Off of E. coli and Intestinal Enterococci in Deer and Dairy Faeces: Implications for Landscape Contamination of Watercourses |
title_full | Impact of Freeze–Thaw Cycles on Die-Off of E. coli and Intestinal Enterococci in Deer and Dairy Faeces: Implications for Landscape Contamination of Watercourses |
title_fullStr | Impact of Freeze–Thaw Cycles on Die-Off of E. coli and Intestinal Enterococci in Deer and Dairy Faeces: Implications for Landscape Contamination of Watercourses |
title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Freeze–Thaw Cycles on Die-Off of E. coli and Intestinal Enterococci in Deer and Dairy Faeces: Implications for Landscape Contamination of Watercourses |
title_short | Impact of Freeze–Thaw Cycles on Die-Off of E. coli and Intestinal Enterococci in Deer and Dairy Faeces: Implications for Landscape Contamination of Watercourses |
title_sort | impact of freeze–thaw cycles on die-off of e. coli and intestinal enterococci in deer and dairy faeces: implications for landscape contamination of watercourses |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7579438/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32987924 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17196999 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT afolabiemmanuelo impactoffreezethawcyclesondieoffofecoliandintestinalenterococciindeeranddairyfaecesimplicationsforlandscapecontaminationofwatercourses AT quilliamrichards impactoffreezethawcyclesondieoffofecoliandintestinalenterococciindeeranddairyfaecesimplicationsforlandscapecontaminationofwatercourses AT oliverdavidm impactoffreezethawcyclesondieoffofecoliandintestinalenterococciindeeranddairyfaecesimplicationsforlandscapecontaminationofwatercourses |