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Genome-wide identification of AP2/ERF transcription factor-encoding genes in California poppy (Eschscholzia californica) and their expression profiles in response to methyl jasmonate
With respect to the biosynthesis of plant alkaloids, that of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) has been the most investigated at the molecular level. Previous investigations have shown that the biosynthesis of BIAs is comprehensively regulated by WRKY and bHLH transcription factors, while promoter...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group UK
2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7582171/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33093564 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-75069-7 |
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author | Yamada, Yasuyuki Nishida, Shohei Shitan, Nobukazu Sato, Fumihiko |
author_facet | Yamada, Yasuyuki Nishida, Shohei Shitan, Nobukazu Sato, Fumihiko |
author_sort | Yamada, Yasuyuki |
collection | PubMed |
description | With respect to the biosynthesis of plant alkaloids, that of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) has been the most investigated at the molecular level. Previous investigations have shown that the biosynthesis of BIAs is comprehensively regulated by WRKY and bHLH transcription factors, while promoter analyses of biosynthesis enzyme-encoding genes have also implicated the involvement of members of the APETALA2/ethylene responsive factor (AP2/ERF) superfamily. To investigate the physiological roles of AP2/ERF transcription factors in BIA biosynthesis, 134 AP2/ERF genes were annotated using the draft genome sequence data of Eschscholzia californica (California poppy) together with transcriptomic data. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these genes could be classified into 20 AP2, 5 RAV, 47 DREB, 60 ERF and 2 Soloist family members. Gene structure, conserved motif and orthologous analyses were also carried out. Gene expression profiling via RNA sequencing in response to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) indicated that approximately 20 EcAP2/ERF genes, including 10 group IX genes, were upregulated by MeJA, with an increase in the expression of the transcription factor-encoding gene EcbHLH1 and the biosynthesis enzyme-encoding genes Ec6OMT and EcCYP719A5. Further quantitative RT-PCR confirmed the MeJA responsiveness of the EcAP2/ERF genes, i.e., the increased expression of 9 group IX, 2 group X and 2 group III ERF subfamily genes. Transactivation activity of group IX EcAP2/ERFs was also confirmed by a luciferase reporter assay in conjunction with the promoters of the Ec6OMT and EcCYP719A5 genes. The physiological roles of AP2/ERF genes in BIA biosynthesis and their evolution in the regulation of alkaloid biosynthesis are discussed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7582171 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75821712020-10-23 Genome-wide identification of AP2/ERF transcription factor-encoding genes in California poppy (Eschscholzia californica) and their expression profiles in response to methyl jasmonate Yamada, Yasuyuki Nishida, Shohei Shitan, Nobukazu Sato, Fumihiko Sci Rep Article With respect to the biosynthesis of plant alkaloids, that of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) has been the most investigated at the molecular level. Previous investigations have shown that the biosynthesis of BIAs is comprehensively regulated by WRKY and bHLH transcription factors, while promoter analyses of biosynthesis enzyme-encoding genes have also implicated the involvement of members of the APETALA2/ethylene responsive factor (AP2/ERF) superfamily. To investigate the physiological roles of AP2/ERF transcription factors in BIA biosynthesis, 134 AP2/ERF genes were annotated using the draft genome sequence data of Eschscholzia californica (California poppy) together with transcriptomic data. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these genes could be classified into 20 AP2, 5 RAV, 47 DREB, 60 ERF and 2 Soloist family members. Gene structure, conserved motif and orthologous analyses were also carried out. Gene expression profiling via RNA sequencing in response to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) indicated that approximately 20 EcAP2/ERF genes, including 10 group IX genes, were upregulated by MeJA, with an increase in the expression of the transcription factor-encoding gene EcbHLH1 and the biosynthesis enzyme-encoding genes Ec6OMT and EcCYP719A5. Further quantitative RT-PCR confirmed the MeJA responsiveness of the EcAP2/ERF genes, i.e., the increased expression of 9 group IX, 2 group X and 2 group III ERF subfamily genes. Transactivation activity of group IX EcAP2/ERFs was also confirmed by a luciferase reporter assay in conjunction with the promoters of the Ec6OMT and EcCYP719A5 genes. The physiological roles of AP2/ERF genes in BIA biosynthesis and their evolution in the regulation of alkaloid biosynthesis are discussed. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-10-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7582171/ /pubmed/33093564 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-75069-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Yamada, Yasuyuki Nishida, Shohei Shitan, Nobukazu Sato, Fumihiko Genome-wide identification of AP2/ERF transcription factor-encoding genes in California poppy (Eschscholzia californica) and their expression profiles in response to methyl jasmonate |
title | Genome-wide identification of AP2/ERF transcription factor-encoding genes in California poppy (Eschscholzia californica) and their expression profiles in response to methyl jasmonate |
title_full | Genome-wide identification of AP2/ERF transcription factor-encoding genes in California poppy (Eschscholzia californica) and their expression profiles in response to methyl jasmonate |
title_fullStr | Genome-wide identification of AP2/ERF transcription factor-encoding genes in California poppy (Eschscholzia californica) and their expression profiles in response to methyl jasmonate |
title_full_unstemmed | Genome-wide identification of AP2/ERF transcription factor-encoding genes in California poppy (Eschscholzia californica) and their expression profiles in response to methyl jasmonate |
title_short | Genome-wide identification of AP2/ERF transcription factor-encoding genes in California poppy (Eschscholzia californica) and their expression profiles in response to methyl jasmonate |
title_sort | genome-wide identification of ap2/erf transcription factor-encoding genes in california poppy (eschscholzia californica) and their expression profiles in response to methyl jasmonate |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7582171/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33093564 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-75069-7 |
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