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The burden of anxiety among people living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pune, India

INTRODUCTION: Globally, India has the third largest population of people living with HIV (PLHIV) and the second highest number of COVID-19 cases. Anxiety is associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) nonadherence. It is crucial to understand the burden of anxiety and its sources among Asian Indian...

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Autores principales: Marbaniang, Ivan, Sangle, Shashikala, Nimkar, Smita, Zarekar, Kanta, Salvi, Sonali, Chavan, Amol, Gupta, Amita, Suryavanshi, Nishi, Mave, Vidya
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7582417/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33097028
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09656-8
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author Marbaniang, Ivan
Sangle, Shashikala
Nimkar, Smita
Zarekar, Kanta
Salvi, Sonali
Chavan, Amol
Gupta, Amita
Suryavanshi, Nishi
Mave, Vidya
author_facet Marbaniang, Ivan
Sangle, Shashikala
Nimkar, Smita
Zarekar, Kanta
Salvi, Sonali
Chavan, Amol
Gupta, Amita
Suryavanshi, Nishi
Mave, Vidya
author_sort Marbaniang, Ivan
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Globally, India has the third largest population of people living with HIV (PLHIV) and the second highest number of COVID-19 cases. Anxiety is associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) nonadherence. It is crucial to understand the burden of anxiety and its sources among Asian Indian PLHIV during the COVID pandemic, but data are limited. METHODS: During the first month of government mandated lockdown, we administered an anxiety assessment via telephone among PLHIV registered for care at a publicly funded antiretroviral therapy (ART) center in Pune, India. Generalized anxiety was defined as GAD-7 score ≥ 10. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were compared by anxiety status (GAD-7 score ≥ 10 vs GAD-7 score < 10). Qualitative responses to an open-ended question about causes of concern were evaluated using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Among 167 PLHIV, median age was 44 years (IQR 40–50); the majority were cisgender women (60%) and had a monthly family income < 200 USD (81%). Prior history of tuberculosis and other comorbidities were observed in 38 and 27%, respectively. Overall, prevalence of generalized anxiety was 25% (n = 41). PLHIV with GAD-7 score ≥ 10 had fewer remaining doses of ART than those with lower GAD-7 scores (p = 0.05). Thematic analysis indicated that concerns were both health related and unrelated, and stated temporally. Present concerns were often also projected as future concerns. CONCLUSIONS: The burden of anxiety was high during COVID lockdown in our population of socioeconomically disadvantaged PLHIV in Pune and appeared to be influenced by concerns about ART availability. The burden of anxiety among PLHIV will likely increase with the worsening pandemic in India, as sources of anxiety are expected to persist. We recommend the regular use of short screening tools for anxiety to monitor and triage patients as an extension of current HIV services.
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spelling pubmed-75824172020-10-23 The burden of anxiety among people living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pune, India Marbaniang, Ivan Sangle, Shashikala Nimkar, Smita Zarekar, Kanta Salvi, Sonali Chavan, Amol Gupta, Amita Suryavanshi, Nishi Mave, Vidya BMC Public Health Research Article INTRODUCTION: Globally, India has the third largest population of people living with HIV (PLHIV) and the second highest number of COVID-19 cases. Anxiety is associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) nonadherence. It is crucial to understand the burden of anxiety and its sources among Asian Indian PLHIV during the COVID pandemic, but data are limited. METHODS: During the first month of government mandated lockdown, we administered an anxiety assessment via telephone among PLHIV registered for care at a publicly funded antiretroviral therapy (ART) center in Pune, India. Generalized anxiety was defined as GAD-7 score ≥ 10. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were compared by anxiety status (GAD-7 score ≥ 10 vs GAD-7 score < 10). Qualitative responses to an open-ended question about causes of concern were evaluated using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Among 167 PLHIV, median age was 44 years (IQR 40–50); the majority were cisgender women (60%) and had a monthly family income < 200 USD (81%). Prior history of tuberculosis and other comorbidities were observed in 38 and 27%, respectively. Overall, prevalence of generalized anxiety was 25% (n = 41). PLHIV with GAD-7 score ≥ 10 had fewer remaining doses of ART than those with lower GAD-7 scores (p = 0.05). Thematic analysis indicated that concerns were both health related and unrelated, and stated temporally. Present concerns were often also projected as future concerns. CONCLUSIONS: The burden of anxiety was high during COVID lockdown in our population of socioeconomically disadvantaged PLHIV in Pune and appeared to be influenced by concerns about ART availability. The burden of anxiety among PLHIV will likely increase with the worsening pandemic in India, as sources of anxiety are expected to persist. We recommend the regular use of short screening tools for anxiety to monitor and triage patients as an extension of current HIV services. BioMed Central 2020-10-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7582417/ /pubmed/33097028 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09656-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Marbaniang, Ivan
Sangle, Shashikala
Nimkar, Smita
Zarekar, Kanta
Salvi, Sonali
Chavan, Amol
Gupta, Amita
Suryavanshi, Nishi
Mave, Vidya
The burden of anxiety among people living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pune, India
title The burden of anxiety among people living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pune, India
title_full The burden of anxiety among people living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pune, India
title_fullStr The burden of anxiety among people living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pune, India
title_full_unstemmed The burden of anxiety among people living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pune, India
title_short The burden of anxiety among people living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pune, India
title_sort burden of anxiety among people living with hiv during the covid-19 pandemic in pune, india
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7582417/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33097028
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09656-8
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