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Molecular insights into the compatible and incompatible interactions between sugar beet and the beet cyst nematode
BACKGROUND: Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris) is an economically important crop that provides nearly one third of the global sugar production. The beet cyst nematode (BCN), Heterodera schachtii, causes major yield losses in sugar beet and other crops worldwide. The most effective and econom...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7583174/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33092522 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-020-02706-8 |
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author | Ghaemi, Razieh Pourjam, Ebrahim Safaie, Naser Verstraeten, Bruno Mahmoudi, Seyed Bagher Mehrabi, Rahim De Meyer, Tim Kyndt, Tina |
author_facet | Ghaemi, Razieh Pourjam, Ebrahim Safaie, Naser Verstraeten, Bruno Mahmoudi, Seyed Bagher Mehrabi, Rahim De Meyer, Tim Kyndt, Tina |
author_sort | Ghaemi, Razieh |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris) is an economically important crop that provides nearly one third of the global sugar production. The beet cyst nematode (BCN), Heterodera schachtii, causes major yield losses in sugar beet and other crops worldwide. The most effective and economic approach to control this nematode is growing tolerant or resistant cultivars. To identify candidate genes involved in susceptibility and resistance, the transcriptome of sugar beet and BCN in compatible and incompatible interactions at two time points was studied using mRNA-seq. RESULTS: In the susceptible cultivar, most defense-related genes were induced at 4 dai while suppressed at 10 dai but in the resistant cultivar Nemakill, induction of genes involved in the plant defense response was observed at both time points. In the compatible interaction, alterations in phytohormone-related genes were detected. The effect of exogenous application of Methyl Jasmonate and ET-generator ethephon on susceptible plants was therefore investigated and the results revealed significant reduction in plant susceptibility. Genes putatively involved in the resistance of Nemakill were identified, such as genes involved in phenylpropanoid pathway and genes encoding CYSTM domain-containing proteins, F-box proteins, chitinase, galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase and CASP-like protein. Also, the transcriptome of the BCN was analyzed in infected root samples and several novel potential nematode effector genes were found. CONCLUSIONS: Our data provides detailed insights into the plant and nematode transcriptional changes occurring during compatible and incompatible interactions between sugar beet and BCN. Many important genes playing potential roles in susceptibility or resistance of sugar beet against BCN, as well as some BCN effectors with a potential role as avr proteins were identified. In addition, our findings indicate the effective role of jasmonate and ethylene in enhancing sugar beet defense response against BCN. This research provides new molecular insights into the plant-nematode interactions that can be used to design novel management strategies against BCN. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s12870-020-02706-8. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7583174 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75831742020-10-26 Molecular insights into the compatible and incompatible interactions between sugar beet and the beet cyst nematode Ghaemi, Razieh Pourjam, Ebrahim Safaie, Naser Verstraeten, Bruno Mahmoudi, Seyed Bagher Mehrabi, Rahim De Meyer, Tim Kyndt, Tina BMC Plant Biol Research Article BACKGROUND: Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris) is an economically important crop that provides nearly one third of the global sugar production. The beet cyst nematode (BCN), Heterodera schachtii, causes major yield losses in sugar beet and other crops worldwide. The most effective and economic approach to control this nematode is growing tolerant or resistant cultivars. To identify candidate genes involved in susceptibility and resistance, the transcriptome of sugar beet and BCN in compatible and incompatible interactions at two time points was studied using mRNA-seq. RESULTS: In the susceptible cultivar, most defense-related genes were induced at 4 dai while suppressed at 10 dai but in the resistant cultivar Nemakill, induction of genes involved in the plant defense response was observed at both time points. In the compatible interaction, alterations in phytohormone-related genes were detected. The effect of exogenous application of Methyl Jasmonate and ET-generator ethephon on susceptible plants was therefore investigated and the results revealed significant reduction in plant susceptibility. Genes putatively involved in the resistance of Nemakill were identified, such as genes involved in phenylpropanoid pathway and genes encoding CYSTM domain-containing proteins, F-box proteins, chitinase, galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase and CASP-like protein. Also, the transcriptome of the BCN was analyzed in infected root samples and several novel potential nematode effector genes were found. CONCLUSIONS: Our data provides detailed insights into the plant and nematode transcriptional changes occurring during compatible and incompatible interactions between sugar beet and BCN. Many important genes playing potential roles in susceptibility or resistance of sugar beet against BCN, as well as some BCN effectors with a potential role as avr proteins were identified. In addition, our findings indicate the effective role of jasmonate and ethylene in enhancing sugar beet defense response against BCN. This research provides new molecular insights into the plant-nematode interactions that can be used to design novel management strategies against BCN. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s12870-020-02706-8. BioMed Central 2020-10-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7583174/ /pubmed/33092522 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-020-02706-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Ghaemi, Razieh Pourjam, Ebrahim Safaie, Naser Verstraeten, Bruno Mahmoudi, Seyed Bagher Mehrabi, Rahim De Meyer, Tim Kyndt, Tina Molecular insights into the compatible and incompatible interactions between sugar beet and the beet cyst nematode |
title | Molecular insights into the compatible and incompatible interactions between sugar beet and the beet cyst nematode |
title_full | Molecular insights into the compatible and incompatible interactions between sugar beet and the beet cyst nematode |
title_fullStr | Molecular insights into the compatible and incompatible interactions between sugar beet and the beet cyst nematode |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular insights into the compatible and incompatible interactions between sugar beet and the beet cyst nematode |
title_short | Molecular insights into the compatible and incompatible interactions between sugar beet and the beet cyst nematode |
title_sort | molecular insights into the compatible and incompatible interactions between sugar beet and the beet cyst nematode |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7583174/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33092522 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-020-02706-8 |
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