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Preventing mother to child transmission of HIV: lessons learned from China

BACKGROUND: The program for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was launched in 2003 in China, but few studies have been conducted to describe the panorama of PMTCT. We investigated the rate and associated factors of mother-to-child transmissi...

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Autores principales: Dong, Yu, Guo, Wei, Gui, Xien, Liu, Yanbin, Yan, Yajun, Feng, Ling, Liang, Ke
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7586644/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33106179
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-020-05516-3
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author Dong, Yu
Guo, Wei
Gui, Xien
Liu, Yanbin
Yan, Yajun
Feng, Ling
Liang, Ke
author_facet Dong, Yu
Guo, Wei
Gui, Xien
Liu, Yanbin
Yan, Yajun
Feng, Ling
Liang, Ke
author_sort Dong, Yu
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The program for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was launched in 2003 in China, but few studies have been conducted to describe the panorama of PMTCT. We investigated the rate and associated factors of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) in China from 2004 to 2018. METHODS: HIV-infected pregnant women from two areas in China between 2004 and 2018 were enrolled. Antiretrovirals (ARVs) were provided to the mothers and their babies, and the children were followed and tested for HIV. RESULTS: In total, 857 mothers and their 899 children were enrolled, and the overall MTCT rate was 6.6% (95% CI 5.0–8.2). The MTCT rates of nonintervention, only formula feeding (FF), infant prophylaxis (IP) + FF, single dosage antiretrovirals (sdARVs) + IP + FF, zidovudine (AZT) alone+IP + FF and prenatal combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) + IP + FF were 36.4, 9.4, 10.0, 5.7, 3.8 and 0.3%, respectively. The MTCT rate declined over time. No ARVs, CD4 count < 200/μL, low birth weight, and breastfeeding were associated with MTCT of HIV. For different ARVs, a higher MTCT rate was observed for AZT alone, sdARVs, and no ARVs compared to cART for pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS: Although the overall MTCT rate remains relatively high, the real-world effect of prenatal cART+IP + FF in China has exerted the same protective effects in high-income countries. With the extension of prenatal cART for pregnant women with HIV, the MTCT rate of HIV has gradually declined in China. However, the coverage of prenatal cART for pregnant women should be further improved. The effect of only post-exposure prophylaxis for infants was limited.
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spelling pubmed-75866442020-10-26 Preventing mother to child transmission of HIV: lessons learned from China Dong, Yu Guo, Wei Gui, Xien Liu, Yanbin Yan, Yajun Feng, Ling Liang, Ke BMC Infect Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: The program for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was launched in 2003 in China, but few studies have been conducted to describe the panorama of PMTCT. We investigated the rate and associated factors of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) in China from 2004 to 2018. METHODS: HIV-infected pregnant women from two areas in China between 2004 and 2018 were enrolled. Antiretrovirals (ARVs) were provided to the mothers and their babies, and the children were followed and tested for HIV. RESULTS: In total, 857 mothers and their 899 children were enrolled, and the overall MTCT rate was 6.6% (95% CI 5.0–8.2). The MTCT rates of nonintervention, only formula feeding (FF), infant prophylaxis (IP) + FF, single dosage antiretrovirals (sdARVs) + IP + FF, zidovudine (AZT) alone+IP + FF and prenatal combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) + IP + FF were 36.4, 9.4, 10.0, 5.7, 3.8 and 0.3%, respectively. The MTCT rate declined over time. No ARVs, CD4 count < 200/μL, low birth weight, and breastfeeding were associated with MTCT of HIV. For different ARVs, a higher MTCT rate was observed for AZT alone, sdARVs, and no ARVs compared to cART for pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS: Although the overall MTCT rate remains relatively high, the real-world effect of prenatal cART+IP + FF in China has exerted the same protective effects in high-income countries. With the extension of prenatal cART for pregnant women with HIV, the MTCT rate of HIV has gradually declined in China. However, the coverage of prenatal cART for pregnant women should be further improved. The effect of only post-exposure prophylaxis for infants was limited. BioMed Central 2020-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7586644/ /pubmed/33106179 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-020-05516-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Dong, Yu
Guo, Wei
Gui, Xien
Liu, Yanbin
Yan, Yajun
Feng, Ling
Liang, Ke
Preventing mother to child transmission of HIV: lessons learned from China
title Preventing mother to child transmission of HIV: lessons learned from China
title_full Preventing mother to child transmission of HIV: lessons learned from China
title_fullStr Preventing mother to child transmission of HIV: lessons learned from China
title_full_unstemmed Preventing mother to child transmission of HIV: lessons learned from China
title_short Preventing mother to child transmission of HIV: lessons learned from China
title_sort preventing mother to child transmission of hiv: lessons learned from china
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7586644/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33106179
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-020-05516-3
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