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LPS Induces GM-CSF Production by Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells via Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 1
Granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a monomeric glycoprotein that has been implicated in the tumor growth and progression of different types of cancer. GM-CSF is produced by various non-immune cells including MDA-MB-231 in response to various stimuli. However, the role of li...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7587378/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33066575 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25204709 |
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author | Al-Rashed, Fatema Thomas, Reeby Al-Roub, Areej Al-Mulla, Fahd Ahmad, Rasheed |
author_facet | Al-Rashed, Fatema Thomas, Reeby Al-Roub, Areej Al-Mulla, Fahd Ahmad, Rasheed |
author_sort | Al-Rashed, Fatema |
collection | PubMed |
description | Granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a monomeric glycoprotein that has been implicated in the tumor growth and progression of different types of cancer. GM-CSF is produced by various non-immune cells including MDA-MB-231 in response to various stimuli. However, the role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the regulation of GM-CSF in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells so far remains unclear. Herein, we asked whether LPS could induce GM-CSF production in MDA-MB-231 cells, and if so, which signaling pathway was involved. MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with LPS or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α; positive control), and GM-CSF expression levels were determined by qRT-PCR, ELISA, and confocal microscopy. Phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-kB) signaling proteins were evaluated by flow cytometry. Our results show that LPS induces GM-CSF expression at both mRNA and protein levels in MDA-MBA-231 cells. Inhibition of acyl-CoA synthetase 1 (ACSL1) activity in the cells with triacsin C significantly reduces the secretion of GM-CSF. Furthermore, the inhibition of ACSL1 activity significantly blocks the LPS-mediated phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, MEK1/2, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-kB) in the cells. These findings provide the first evidence that LPS induces ACSL1-dependent GM-CSF gene expression in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, which requires the activation of p38 MAPK, MEK1/2, ERK1/2, JNK, and NF-kB. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7587378 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75873782020-10-29 LPS Induces GM-CSF Production by Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells via Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 1 Al-Rashed, Fatema Thomas, Reeby Al-Roub, Areej Al-Mulla, Fahd Ahmad, Rasheed Molecules Article Granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a monomeric glycoprotein that has been implicated in the tumor growth and progression of different types of cancer. GM-CSF is produced by various non-immune cells including MDA-MB-231 in response to various stimuli. However, the role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the regulation of GM-CSF in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells so far remains unclear. Herein, we asked whether LPS could induce GM-CSF production in MDA-MB-231 cells, and if so, which signaling pathway was involved. MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with LPS or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α; positive control), and GM-CSF expression levels were determined by qRT-PCR, ELISA, and confocal microscopy. Phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-kB) signaling proteins were evaluated by flow cytometry. Our results show that LPS induces GM-CSF expression at both mRNA and protein levels in MDA-MBA-231 cells. Inhibition of acyl-CoA synthetase 1 (ACSL1) activity in the cells with triacsin C significantly reduces the secretion of GM-CSF. Furthermore, the inhibition of ACSL1 activity significantly blocks the LPS-mediated phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, MEK1/2, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-kB) in the cells. These findings provide the first evidence that LPS induces ACSL1-dependent GM-CSF gene expression in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, which requires the activation of p38 MAPK, MEK1/2, ERK1/2, JNK, and NF-kB. MDPI 2020-10-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7587378/ /pubmed/33066575 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25204709 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Al-Rashed, Fatema Thomas, Reeby Al-Roub, Areej Al-Mulla, Fahd Ahmad, Rasheed LPS Induces GM-CSF Production by Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells via Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 1 |
title | LPS Induces GM-CSF Production by Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells via Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 1 |
title_full | LPS Induces GM-CSF Production by Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells via Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 1 |
title_fullStr | LPS Induces GM-CSF Production by Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells via Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 1 |
title_full_unstemmed | LPS Induces GM-CSF Production by Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells via Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 1 |
title_short | LPS Induces GM-CSF Production by Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells via Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 1 |
title_sort | lps induces gm-csf production by breast cancer mda-mb-231 cells via long-chain acyl-coa synthetase 1 |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7587378/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33066575 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25204709 |
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