Cargando…
Highly Efficient Extraction Procedures Based on Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents or Ionic Liquids for Determination of 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Spinach
A novel, efficient extraction procedure based on natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) and ionic liquids (ILs) for determination of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-E) in spinach has been developed. NADES, the first green extraction agent, with different hydrogen bond donors and acceptors are screened in ord...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7587567/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33076445 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25204736 |
_version_ | 1783600200189739008 |
---|---|
author | Bajkacz, Sylwia Rusin, Kornelia Wolny, Anna Adamek, Jakub Erfurt, Karol Chrobok, Anna |
author_facet | Bajkacz, Sylwia Rusin, Kornelia Wolny, Anna Adamek, Jakub Erfurt, Karol Chrobok, Anna |
author_sort | Bajkacz, Sylwia |
collection | PubMed |
description | A novel, efficient extraction procedure based on natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) and ionic liquids (ILs) for determination of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-E) in spinach has been developed. NADES, the first green extraction agent, with different hydrogen bond donors and acceptors are screened in order to determine extraction efficiencies. NADES consisting of lactic acid and levulinic acid at a molar ratio of 1:1 exhibits the highest yields. ILs, the second green extraction agent, with various cations and anions are also investigated, where [TEA] [OAc]·AcOH, χ(AcOH) = 0.75 displays the highest recovery. Moreover, NADES-SLE and IL-SLE (SLE, solid-liquid extraction) parameters are investigated. Using the obtained optimized method, the recoveries of the target compound in spinach are above 93% and 88% for NADES-SLE and IL-SLE procedure, respectively. The methods display good linearity within the range of 0.5–30 μg/g and LODs of 0.17 µg/g. The proposed NADES-SLE-UHPLC-UV and IL-SLE-UHPLC-UV procedures can be applied to the analysis of 20-E in real spinach samples, making it a potentially promising technique for food matrix. The main advantage of this study is the superior efficiency of the new, green extraction solvents, which results in a significant reduction of extraction time and solvents as compared to those in the literature. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7587567 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75875672020-10-29 Highly Efficient Extraction Procedures Based on Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents or Ionic Liquids for Determination of 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Spinach Bajkacz, Sylwia Rusin, Kornelia Wolny, Anna Adamek, Jakub Erfurt, Karol Chrobok, Anna Molecules Article A novel, efficient extraction procedure based on natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) and ionic liquids (ILs) for determination of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-E) in spinach has been developed. NADES, the first green extraction agent, with different hydrogen bond donors and acceptors are screened in order to determine extraction efficiencies. NADES consisting of lactic acid and levulinic acid at a molar ratio of 1:1 exhibits the highest yields. ILs, the second green extraction agent, with various cations and anions are also investigated, where [TEA] [OAc]·AcOH, χ(AcOH) = 0.75 displays the highest recovery. Moreover, NADES-SLE and IL-SLE (SLE, solid-liquid extraction) parameters are investigated. Using the obtained optimized method, the recoveries of the target compound in spinach are above 93% and 88% for NADES-SLE and IL-SLE procedure, respectively. The methods display good linearity within the range of 0.5–30 μg/g and LODs of 0.17 µg/g. The proposed NADES-SLE-UHPLC-UV and IL-SLE-UHPLC-UV procedures can be applied to the analysis of 20-E in real spinach samples, making it a potentially promising technique for food matrix. The main advantage of this study is the superior efficiency of the new, green extraction solvents, which results in a significant reduction of extraction time and solvents as compared to those in the literature. MDPI 2020-10-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7587567/ /pubmed/33076445 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25204736 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Bajkacz, Sylwia Rusin, Kornelia Wolny, Anna Adamek, Jakub Erfurt, Karol Chrobok, Anna Highly Efficient Extraction Procedures Based on Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents or Ionic Liquids for Determination of 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Spinach |
title | Highly Efficient Extraction Procedures Based on Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents or Ionic Liquids for Determination of 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Spinach |
title_full | Highly Efficient Extraction Procedures Based on Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents or Ionic Liquids for Determination of 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Spinach |
title_fullStr | Highly Efficient Extraction Procedures Based on Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents or Ionic Liquids for Determination of 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Spinach |
title_full_unstemmed | Highly Efficient Extraction Procedures Based on Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents or Ionic Liquids for Determination of 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Spinach |
title_short | Highly Efficient Extraction Procedures Based on Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents or Ionic Liquids for Determination of 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Spinach |
title_sort | highly efficient extraction procedures based on natural deep eutectic solvents or ionic liquids for determination of 20-hydroxyecdysone in spinach |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7587567/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33076445 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25204736 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT bajkaczsylwia highlyefficientextractionproceduresbasedonnaturaldeepeutecticsolventsorionicliquidsfordeterminationof20hydroxyecdysoneinspinach AT rusinkornelia highlyefficientextractionproceduresbasedonnaturaldeepeutecticsolventsorionicliquidsfordeterminationof20hydroxyecdysoneinspinach AT wolnyanna highlyefficientextractionproceduresbasedonnaturaldeepeutecticsolventsorionicliquidsfordeterminationof20hydroxyecdysoneinspinach AT adamekjakub highlyefficientextractionproceduresbasedonnaturaldeepeutecticsolventsorionicliquidsfordeterminationof20hydroxyecdysoneinspinach AT erfurtkarol highlyefficientextractionproceduresbasedonnaturaldeepeutecticsolventsorionicliquidsfordeterminationof20hydroxyecdysoneinspinach AT chrobokanna highlyefficientextractionproceduresbasedonnaturaldeepeutecticsolventsorionicliquidsfordeterminationof20hydroxyecdysoneinspinach |