Comparison of Ketamine and Tramadol in Management of Acute Pain; a Systematic Review

INTRODUCTION: Management of pain is an important part of care in the emergency department (ED). Tramadol and Ketamine have both been introduced as alternatives to opioids in the ED and post-operative setting. In this study, we conducted a systematic review of available literature to compare the analgesic efficacy, and side effect profile of these two medications in management of severe acute pain. METHODS: This is a systematic review based on the PRISMA protocol. In this study, peer-reviewed papers published by March 3, 2020, which compared analgesic effects of tramadol and ketamine in management of acute pain were included. RESULT: The initial search of online databases identified 2826 non-duplicate records. Finally, three papers available in full text were analyzed for study quality. The results show that ketamine has consistently been shown to be superior to tramadol for pain control and causes fewer significant side effects. CONCLUSION: Results of this review show that low-dose ketamine is more effective than tramadol in pain control, while causing fewer side effects.