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High Prevalence of Abnormal Ocular Surface Tests in a Healthy Pediatric Population
PURPOSE: To describe ocular surface characteristics and tests’ results in a healthy pediatric population. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study with 60 healthy children, obtaining consent, OSDI and screen use survey and conducting ocular surface tests. Statistical univariate analysis for cat...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Dove
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7588271/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33116395 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/OPTH.S266261 |
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author | Rojas-Carabali, William Uribe-Reina, Pilar Muñoz-Ortiz, Juliana Terreros-Dorado, Juan Pablo Ruiz-Botero, María Eugenia Torres-Arias, Nicolás Reyes-Guanes, Juliana Rodriguez Zarante, Alejandra Arteaga-Rivera, Jose Y Mosos, Camilo Gutiérrez, Ángela María Molano-González, Nicolás Marroquín, Guillermo de-la-Torre, Alejandra |
author_facet | Rojas-Carabali, William Uribe-Reina, Pilar Muñoz-Ortiz, Juliana Terreros-Dorado, Juan Pablo Ruiz-Botero, María Eugenia Torres-Arias, Nicolás Reyes-Guanes, Juliana Rodriguez Zarante, Alejandra Arteaga-Rivera, Jose Y Mosos, Camilo Gutiérrez, Ángela María Molano-González, Nicolás Marroquín, Guillermo de-la-Torre, Alejandra |
author_sort | Rojas-Carabali, William |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: To describe ocular surface characteristics and tests’ results in a healthy pediatric population. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study with 60 healthy children, obtaining consent, OSDI and screen use survey and conducting ocular surface tests. Statistical univariate analysis for categorical and quantitative variables was made. To describe the correlation of the results in both eyes, we used a model of random effects. To characterize the possible profiles of device use, we applied the mixed-cluster methodology. RESULTS: Sixty healthy children between 7 and 17 years old were evaluated. Girl’s proportion was 41.6%. Mean Ocular Surface Disease Index Score was 9.98±8.49 points. Daily screen time was 5.59±2.77 hours and the most popular screen was the smartphone. Mean results (with standard deviations or confidence intervals) of ocular surface tests were blink frequency while reading on paper, 6.8±5.68 times per minute; blink frequency while reading on screen, 8.7±7.14 times per minute; tear meniscus height, 0.19[0.18–0.2] mm; non-invasive tear break-up time, 12.44[10.99–13.9] seconds; nasal conjunctival redness, 0.86[0.77–0.94]; temporal conjunctival redness, 0.96[0.87–1.04]; tear osmolarity, 299.3[295.14–303.45] mmol; and Schirmer test, 23.73[21.28–26.18] mm. Lid margin was irregular in three eyes; 44.7% had thin lipid layer; lissamine green staining was positive in 70.8%; fluorescein staining was positive in 47.4%; 36.64% exhibited partial meibomian gland loss. CONCLUSION: Considering the scarcity of specific pediatric values of ocular surface tests, we performed a clinical investigation involving the complete pool of ocular surface tests in children. Although healthy children were included in this study, we found that all the participants had at least one abnormal result and 33.33% had dry eye disease diagnosis, according to the TFOS DEWS II. It would be relevant to carry out further multicentric studies to compare our ocular surface tests’ results with other groups of children. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7588271 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Dove |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75882712020-10-27 High Prevalence of Abnormal Ocular Surface Tests in a Healthy Pediatric Population Rojas-Carabali, William Uribe-Reina, Pilar Muñoz-Ortiz, Juliana Terreros-Dorado, Juan Pablo Ruiz-Botero, María Eugenia Torres-Arias, Nicolás Reyes-Guanes, Juliana Rodriguez Zarante, Alejandra Arteaga-Rivera, Jose Y Mosos, Camilo Gutiérrez, Ángela María Molano-González, Nicolás Marroquín, Guillermo de-la-Torre, Alejandra Clin Ophthalmol Original Research PURPOSE: To describe ocular surface characteristics and tests’ results in a healthy pediatric population. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study with 60 healthy children, obtaining consent, OSDI and screen use survey and conducting ocular surface tests. Statistical univariate analysis for categorical and quantitative variables was made. To describe the correlation of the results in both eyes, we used a model of random effects. To characterize the possible profiles of device use, we applied the mixed-cluster methodology. RESULTS: Sixty healthy children between 7 and 17 years old were evaluated. Girl’s proportion was 41.6%. Mean Ocular Surface Disease Index Score was 9.98±8.49 points. Daily screen time was 5.59±2.77 hours and the most popular screen was the smartphone. Mean results (with standard deviations or confidence intervals) of ocular surface tests were blink frequency while reading on paper, 6.8±5.68 times per minute; blink frequency while reading on screen, 8.7±7.14 times per minute; tear meniscus height, 0.19[0.18–0.2] mm; non-invasive tear break-up time, 12.44[10.99–13.9] seconds; nasal conjunctival redness, 0.86[0.77–0.94]; temporal conjunctival redness, 0.96[0.87–1.04]; tear osmolarity, 299.3[295.14–303.45] mmol; and Schirmer test, 23.73[21.28–26.18] mm. Lid margin was irregular in three eyes; 44.7% had thin lipid layer; lissamine green staining was positive in 70.8%; fluorescein staining was positive in 47.4%; 36.64% exhibited partial meibomian gland loss. CONCLUSION: Considering the scarcity of specific pediatric values of ocular surface tests, we performed a clinical investigation involving the complete pool of ocular surface tests in children. Although healthy children were included in this study, we found that all the participants had at least one abnormal result and 33.33% had dry eye disease diagnosis, according to the TFOS DEWS II. It would be relevant to carry out further multicentric studies to compare our ocular surface tests’ results with other groups of children. Dove 2020-10-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7588271/ /pubmed/33116395 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/OPTH.S266261 Text en © 2020 Rojas-Carabali et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php). |
spellingShingle | Original Research Rojas-Carabali, William Uribe-Reina, Pilar Muñoz-Ortiz, Juliana Terreros-Dorado, Juan Pablo Ruiz-Botero, María Eugenia Torres-Arias, Nicolás Reyes-Guanes, Juliana Rodriguez Zarante, Alejandra Arteaga-Rivera, Jose Y Mosos, Camilo Gutiérrez, Ángela María Molano-González, Nicolás Marroquín, Guillermo de-la-Torre, Alejandra High Prevalence of Abnormal Ocular Surface Tests in a Healthy Pediatric Population |
title | High Prevalence of Abnormal Ocular Surface Tests in a Healthy Pediatric Population |
title_full | High Prevalence of Abnormal Ocular Surface Tests in a Healthy Pediatric Population |
title_fullStr | High Prevalence of Abnormal Ocular Surface Tests in a Healthy Pediatric Population |
title_full_unstemmed | High Prevalence of Abnormal Ocular Surface Tests in a Healthy Pediatric Population |
title_short | High Prevalence of Abnormal Ocular Surface Tests in a Healthy Pediatric Population |
title_sort | high prevalence of abnormal ocular surface tests in a healthy pediatric population |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7588271/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33116395 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/OPTH.S266261 |
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