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Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Modulators and Oligodendroglial Cells: Beyond Immunomodulation
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by demyelination, axonal loss, and synaptic impairment in the central nervous system (CNS). The available therapies aim to reduce the severity of the pathology during the early inflammatory stages, but they are not effective...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7588977/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33066042 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207537 |
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author | Roggeri, Alessandra Schepers, Melissa Tiane, Assia Rombaut, Ben van Veggel, Lieve Hellings, Niels Prickaerts, Jos Pittaluga, Anna Vanmierlo, Tim |
author_facet | Roggeri, Alessandra Schepers, Melissa Tiane, Assia Rombaut, Ben van Veggel, Lieve Hellings, Niels Prickaerts, Jos Pittaluga, Anna Vanmierlo, Tim |
author_sort | Roggeri, Alessandra |
collection | PubMed |
description | Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by demyelination, axonal loss, and synaptic impairment in the central nervous system (CNS). The available therapies aim to reduce the severity of the pathology during the early inflammatory stages, but they are not effective in the chronic stage of the disease. In this phase, failure in endogenous remyelination is associated with the impairment of oligodendrocytes progenitor cells (OPCs) to migrate and differentiate into mature myelinating oligodendrocytes. Therefore, stimulating differentiation of OPCs into myelinating oligodendrocytes has become one of the main goals of new therapeutic approaches for MS. Different disease-modifying therapies targeting sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) have been approved or are being developed to treat MS. Besides their immunomodulatory effects, growing evidence suggests that targeting S1PRs modulates mechanisms beyond immunomodulation, such as remyelination. In this context, this review focuses on the current understanding of S1PR modulators and their direct effect on OPCs and oligodendrocytes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7588977 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75889772020-10-29 Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Modulators and Oligodendroglial Cells: Beyond Immunomodulation Roggeri, Alessandra Schepers, Melissa Tiane, Assia Rombaut, Ben van Veggel, Lieve Hellings, Niels Prickaerts, Jos Pittaluga, Anna Vanmierlo, Tim Int J Mol Sci Review Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by demyelination, axonal loss, and synaptic impairment in the central nervous system (CNS). The available therapies aim to reduce the severity of the pathology during the early inflammatory stages, but they are not effective in the chronic stage of the disease. In this phase, failure in endogenous remyelination is associated with the impairment of oligodendrocytes progenitor cells (OPCs) to migrate and differentiate into mature myelinating oligodendrocytes. Therefore, stimulating differentiation of OPCs into myelinating oligodendrocytes has become one of the main goals of new therapeutic approaches for MS. Different disease-modifying therapies targeting sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) have been approved or are being developed to treat MS. Besides their immunomodulatory effects, growing evidence suggests that targeting S1PRs modulates mechanisms beyond immunomodulation, such as remyelination. In this context, this review focuses on the current understanding of S1PR modulators and their direct effect on OPCs and oligodendrocytes. MDPI 2020-10-13 /pmc/articles/PMC7588977/ /pubmed/33066042 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207537 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Roggeri, Alessandra Schepers, Melissa Tiane, Assia Rombaut, Ben van Veggel, Lieve Hellings, Niels Prickaerts, Jos Pittaluga, Anna Vanmierlo, Tim Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Modulators and Oligodendroglial Cells: Beyond Immunomodulation |
title | Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Modulators and Oligodendroglial Cells: Beyond Immunomodulation |
title_full | Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Modulators and Oligodendroglial Cells: Beyond Immunomodulation |
title_fullStr | Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Modulators and Oligodendroglial Cells: Beyond Immunomodulation |
title_full_unstemmed | Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Modulators and Oligodendroglial Cells: Beyond Immunomodulation |
title_short | Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Modulators and Oligodendroglial Cells: Beyond Immunomodulation |
title_sort | sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators and oligodendroglial cells: beyond immunomodulation |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7588977/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33066042 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207537 |
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