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MYC as a Multifaceted Regulator of Tumor Microenvironment Leading to Metastasis
The Myc family of oncogenes is deregulated in many types of cancer, and their over-expression is often correlated with poor prognosis. The Myc family members are transcription factors that can coordinate the expression of thousands of genes. Among them, c-Myc (MYC) is the gene most strongly associat...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7589112/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33081056 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207710 |
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author | Meškytė, Erna Marija Keskas, Sabiha Ciribilli, Yari |
author_facet | Meškytė, Erna Marija Keskas, Sabiha Ciribilli, Yari |
author_sort | Meškytė, Erna Marija |
collection | PubMed |
description | The Myc family of oncogenes is deregulated in many types of cancer, and their over-expression is often correlated with poor prognosis. The Myc family members are transcription factors that can coordinate the expression of thousands of genes. Among them, c-Myc (MYC) is the gene most strongly associated with cancer, and it is the focus of this review. It regulates the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation, growth, differentiation, self-renewal, survival, metabolism, protein synthesis, and apoptosis. More recently, novel studies have shown that MYC plays a role not only in tumor initiation and growth but also has a broader spectrum of functions in tumor progression. MYC contributes to angiogenesis, immune evasion, invasion, and migration, which all lead to distant metastasis. Moreover, MYC is able to promote tumor growth and aggressiveness by recruiting stromal and tumor-infiltrating cells. In this review, we will dissect all of these novel functions and their involvement in the crosstalk between tumor and host, which have demonstrated that MYC is undoubtedly the master regulator of the tumor microenvironment. In sum, a better understanding of MYC’s role in the tumor microenvironment and metastasis development is crucial in proposing novel and effective cancer treatment strategies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7589112 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75891122020-10-29 MYC as a Multifaceted Regulator of Tumor Microenvironment Leading to Metastasis Meškytė, Erna Marija Keskas, Sabiha Ciribilli, Yari Int J Mol Sci Review The Myc family of oncogenes is deregulated in many types of cancer, and their over-expression is often correlated with poor prognosis. The Myc family members are transcription factors that can coordinate the expression of thousands of genes. Among them, c-Myc (MYC) is the gene most strongly associated with cancer, and it is the focus of this review. It regulates the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation, growth, differentiation, self-renewal, survival, metabolism, protein synthesis, and apoptosis. More recently, novel studies have shown that MYC plays a role not only in tumor initiation and growth but also has a broader spectrum of functions in tumor progression. MYC contributes to angiogenesis, immune evasion, invasion, and migration, which all lead to distant metastasis. Moreover, MYC is able to promote tumor growth and aggressiveness by recruiting stromal and tumor-infiltrating cells. In this review, we will dissect all of these novel functions and their involvement in the crosstalk between tumor and host, which have demonstrated that MYC is undoubtedly the master regulator of the tumor microenvironment. In sum, a better understanding of MYC’s role in the tumor microenvironment and metastasis development is crucial in proposing novel and effective cancer treatment strategies. MDPI 2020-10-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7589112/ /pubmed/33081056 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207710 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Meškytė, Erna Marija Keskas, Sabiha Ciribilli, Yari MYC as a Multifaceted Regulator of Tumor Microenvironment Leading to Metastasis |
title | MYC as a Multifaceted Regulator of Tumor Microenvironment Leading to Metastasis |
title_full | MYC as a Multifaceted Regulator of Tumor Microenvironment Leading to Metastasis |
title_fullStr | MYC as a Multifaceted Regulator of Tumor Microenvironment Leading to Metastasis |
title_full_unstemmed | MYC as a Multifaceted Regulator of Tumor Microenvironment Leading to Metastasis |
title_short | MYC as a Multifaceted Regulator of Tumor Microenvironment Leading to Metastasis |
title_sort | myc as a multifaceted regulator of tumor microenvironment leading to metastasis |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7589112/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33081056 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207710 |
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