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Betaine and Isoquinoline Alkaloids Protect against Heat Stress and Colonic Permeability in Growing Pigs
Heat stress (HS) compromises productivity of pork production, in part as a result of increased oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, particularly within the gastrointestinal tract. This study aimed to investigate whether plant-derived betaine and isoquinoline alkaloids could ameliorate HS in...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7589639/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33096723 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9101024 |
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author | Le, Hieu Huu Shakeri, Majid Suleria, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Zhao, Weicheng McQuade, Rachel Mai Phillips, Deborah Jayne Vidacs, Eva Furness, John Barton Dunshea, Frank Rowland Artuso-Ponte, Valeria Cottrell, Jeremy James |
author_facet | Le, Hieu Huu Shakeri, Majid Suleria, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Zhao, Weicheng McQuade, Rachel Mai Phillips, Deborah Jayne Vidacs, Eva Furness, John Barton Dunshea, Frank Rowland Artuso-Ponte, Valeria Cottrell, Jeremy James |
author_sort | Le, Hieu Huu |
collection | PubMed |
description | Heat stress (HS) compromises productivity of pork production, in part as a result of increased oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, particularly within the gastrointestinal tract. This study aimed to investigate whether plant-derived betaine and isoquinoline alkaloids could ameliorate HS in pigs. Fifty female Large White × Landrace grower pigs, which were acclimated to control (CON), control plus betaine (BET), or control plus isoquinoline alkaloids (IQA) diets for 14 days were then exposed to heat stress or thermoneutral condition. Both BET and IQA partially ameliorated increases in respiration rate (p = 0.013) and rectal temperature (p = 0.001) associated with HS conditions. Heat stress increased salivary cortisol concentrations and reduced plasma creatinine, lactate, and thyroid hormone concentrations. Heat stress increased colon FD4 permeability, which was reduced by IQA (p = 0.030). Heat stress increased inflammation in the jejunum and ileum, as indicated by elevated interleukin-1β (p = 0.022) in the jejunum and interleukin-1β (p = 0.004) and interleukin-8 (p = 0.001) in the ileum. No differences in plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were observed with HS, but betaine increased plasma TAC compared to IQA. Dietary BET increased betaine concentrations in the jejunum, ileum (p < 0.001 for both), plasma, liver, kidney (p < 0.010 for all), urine (p = 0.002) and tended to be higher in muscle (p = 0.084). Betaine concentration was not influenced by HS, but it tended to be higher in plasma and accumulated in the liver. These data suggest that betaine and isoquinoline alkaloids supplementation ameliorated consequences of heat stress in grower pigs and protected against HS induced increases in colonic permeability. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7589639 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75896392020-10-29 Betaine and Isoquinoline Alkaloids Protect against Heat Stress and Colonic Permeability in Growing Pigs Le, Hieu Huu Shakeri, Majid Suleria, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Zhao, Weicheng McQuade, Rachel Mai Phillips, Deborah Jayne Vidacs, Eva Furness, John Barton Dunshea, Frank Rowland Artuso-Ponte, Valeria Cottrell, Jeremy James Antioxidants (Basel) Article Heat stress (HS) compromises productivity of pork production, in part as a result of increased oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, particularly within the gastrointestinal tract. This study aimed to investigate whether plant-derived betaine and isoquinoline alkaloids could ameliorate HS in pigs. Fifty female Large White × Landrace grower pigs, which were acclimated to control (CON), control plus betaine (BET), or control plus isoquinoline alkaloids (IQA) diets for 14 days were then exposed to heat stress or thermoneutral condition. Both BET and IQA partially ameliorated increases in respiration rate (p = 0.013) and rectal temperature (p = 0.001) associated with HS conditions. Heat stress increased salivary cortisol concentrations and reduced plasma creatinine, lactate, and thyroid hormone concentrations. Heat stress increased colon FD4 permeability, which was reduced by IQA (p = 0.030). Heat stress increased inflammation in the jejunum and ileum, as indicated by elevated interleukin-1β (p = 0.022) in the jejunum and interleukin-1β (p = 0.004) and interleukin-8 (p = 0.001) in the ileum. No differences in plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were observed with HS, but betaine increased plasma TAC compared to IQA. Dietary BET increased betaine concentrations in the jejunum, ileum (p < 0.001 for both), plasma, liver, kidney (p < 0.010 for all), urine (p = 0.002) and tended to be higher in muscle (p = 0.084). Betaine concentration was not influenced by HS, but it tended to be higher in plasma and accumulated in the liver. These data suggest that betaine and isoquinoline alkaloids supplementation ameliorated consequences of heat stress in grower pigs and protected against HS induced increases in colonic permeability. MDPI 2020-10-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7589639/ /pubmed/33096723 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9101024 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Le, Hieu Huu Shakeri, Majid Suleria, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Zhao, Weicheng McQuade, Rachel Mai Phillips, Deborah Jayne Vidacs, Eva Furness, John Barton Dunshea, Frank Rowland Artuso-Ponte, Valeria Cottrell, Jeremy James Betaine and Isoquinoline Alkaloids Protect against Heat Stress and Colonic Permeability in Growing Pigs |
title | Betaine and Isoquinoline Alkaloids Protect against Heat Stress and Colonic Permeability in Growing Pigs |
title_full | Betaine and Isoquinoline Alkaloids Protect against Heat Stress and Colonic Permeability in Growing Pigs |
title_fullStr | Betaine and Isoquinoline Alkaloids Protect against Heat Stress and Colonic Permeability in Growing Pigs |
title_full_unstemmed | Betaine and Isoquinoline Alkaloids Protect against Heat Stress and Colonic Permeability in Growing Pigs |
title_short | Betaine and Isoquinoline Alkaloids Protect against Heat Stress and Colonic Permeability in Growing Pigs |
title_sort | betaine and isoquinoline alkaloids protect against heat stress and colonic permeability in growing pigs |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7589639/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33096723 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9101024 |
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