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Epigenetic Mechanisms of Plant Adaptation to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses
Unlike animals, plants are immobile and could not actively escape the effects of aggressive environmental factors, such as pathogenic microorganisms, insect pests, parasitic plants, extreme temperatures, drought, and many others. To counteract these unfavorable encounters, plants have evolved very h...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7589735/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33050358 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207457 |
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author | Ashapkin, Vasily V. Kutueva, Lyudmila I. Aleksandrushkina, Nadezhda I. Vanyushin, Boris F. |
author_facet | Ashapkin, Vasily V. Kutueva, Lyudmila I. Aleksandrushkina, Nadezhda I. Vanyushin, Boris F. |
author_sort | Ashapkin, Vasily V. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Unlike animals, plants are immobile and could not actively escape the effects of aggressive environmental factors, such as pathogenic microorganisms, insect pests, parasitic plants, extreme temperatures, drought, and many others. To counteract these unfavorable encounters, plants have evolved very high phenotypic plasticity. In a rapidly changing environment, adaptive phenotypic changes often occur in time frames that are too short for the natural selection of adaptive mutations. Probably, some kind of epigenetic variability underlines environmental adaptation in these cases. Indeed, isogenic plants often have quite variable phenotypes in different habitats. There are examples of successful “invasions” of relatively small and genetically homogenous plant populations into entirely new habitats. The unique capability of quick environmental adaptation appears to be due to a high tendency to transmit epigenetic changes between plant generations. Multiple studies show that epigenetic memory serves as a mechanism of plant adaptation to a rapidly changing environment and, in particular, to aggressive biotic and abiotic stresses. In wild nature, this mechanism underlies, to a very significant extent, plant capability to live in different habitats and endure drastic environmental changes. In agriculture, a deep understanding of this mechanism could serve to elaborate more effective and safe approaches to plant protection. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7589735 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75897352020-10-29 Epigenetic Mechanisms of Plant Adaptation to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses Ashapkin, Vasily V. Kutueva, Lyudmila I. Aleksandrushkina, Nadezhda I. Vanyushin, Boris F. Int J Mol Sci Review Unlike animals, plants are immobile and could not actively escape the effects of aggressive environmental factors, such as pathogenic microorganisms, insect pests, parasitic plants, extreme temperatures, drought, and many others. To counteract these unfavorable encounters, plants have evolved very high phenotypic plasticity. In a rapidly changing environment, adaptive phenotypic changes often occur in time frames that are too short for the natural selection of adaptive mutations. Probably, some kind of epigenetic variability underlines environmental adaptation in these cases. Indeed, isogenic plants often have quite variable phenotypes in different habitats. There are examples of successful “invasions” of relatively small and genetically homogenous plant populations into entirely new habitats. The unique capability of quick environmental adaptation appears to be due to a high tendency to transmit epigenetic changes between plant generations. Multiple studies show that epigenetic memory serves as a mechanism of plant adaptation to a rapidly changing environment and, in particular, to aggressive biotic and abiotic stresses. In wild nature, this mechanism underlies, to a very significant extent, plant capability to live in different habitats and endure drastic environmental changes. In agriculture, a deep understanding of this mechanism could serve to elaborate more effective and safe approaches to plant protection. MDPI 2020-10-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7589735/ /pubmed/33050358 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207457 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Ashapkin, Vasily V. Kutueva, Lyudmila I. Aleksandrushkina, Nadezhda I. Vanyushin, Boris F. Epigenetic Mechanisms of Plant Adaptation to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses |
title | Epigenetic Mechanisms of Plant Adaptation to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses |
title_full | Epigenetic Mechanisms of Plant Adaptation to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses |
title_fullStr | Epigenetic Mechanisms of Plant Adaptation to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses |
title_full_unstemmed | Epigenetic Mechanisms of Plant Adaptation to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses |
title_short | Epigenetic Mechanisms of Plant Adaptation to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses |
title_sort | epigenetic mechanisms of plant adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7589735/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33050358 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207457 |
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