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Oncolytic Viruses as a Platform for the Treatment of Malignant Brain Tumors
Malignant brain tumors remain incurable diseases. Although much effort has been devoted to improving patient outcome, multiple factors such as the high tumor heterogeneity, the strong tumor-induced immunosuppressive microenvironment, and the low mutational burden make the treatment of these tumors e...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7589928/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33050329 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207449 |
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author | de Sostoa, Jana Dutoit, Valérie Migliorini, Denis |
author_facet | de Sostoa, Jana Dutoit, Valérie Migliorini, Denis |
author_sort | de Sostoa, Jana |
collection | PubMed |
description | Malignant brain tumors remain incurable diseases. Although much effort has been devoted to improving patient outcome, multiple factors such as the high tumor heterogeneity, the strong tumor-induced immunosuppressive microenvironment, and the low mutational burden make the treatment of these tumors especially challenging. Thus, novel therapeutic strategies are urgent. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are biotherapeutics that have been selected or engineered to infect and selectively kill cancer cells. Increasingly, preclinical and clinical studies demonstrate the ability of OVs to recruit T cells and induce durable immune responses against both virus and tumor, transforming a “cold” tumor microenvironment into a “hot” environment. Besides promising clinical results as a monotherapy, OVs can be powerfully combined with other cancer therapies, helping to overcome critical barriers through the creation of synergistic effects in the fight against brain cancer. Although many questions remain to be answered to fully exploit the therapeutic potential of OVs, oncolytic virotherapy will clearly be part of future treatments for patients with malignant brain tumors. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7589928 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75899282020-10-29 Oncolytic Viruses as a Platform for the Treatment of Malignant Brain Tumors de Sostoa, Jana Dutoit, Valérie Migliorini, Denis Int J Mol Sci Review Malignant brain tumors remain incurable diseases. Although much effort has been devoted to improving patient outcome, multiple factors such as the high tumor heterogeneity, the strong tumor-induced immunosuppressive microenvironment, and the low mutational burden make the treatment of these tumors especially challenging. Thus, novel therapeutic strategies are urgent. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are biotherapeutics that have been selected or engineered to infect and selectively kill cancer cells. Increasingly, preclinical and clinical studies demonstrate the ability of OVs to recruit T cells and induce durable immune responses against both virus and tumor, transforming a “cold” tumor microenvironment into a “hot” environment. Besides promising clinical results as a monotherapy, OVs can be powerfully combined with other cancer therapies, helping to overcome critical barriers through the creation of synergistic effects in the fight against brain cancer. Although many questions remain to be answered to fully exploit the therapeutic potential of OVs, oncolytic virotherapy will clearly be part of future treatments for patients with malignant brain tumors. MDPI 2020-10-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7589928/ /pubmed/33050329 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207449 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review de Sostoa, Jana Dutoit, Valérie Migliorini, Denis Oncolytic Viruses as a Platform for the Treatment of Malignant Brain Tumors |
title | Oncolytic Viruses as a Platform for the Treatment of Malignant Brain Tumors |
title_full | Oncolytic Viruses as a Platform for the Treatment of Malignant Brain Tumors |
title_fullStr | Oncolytic Viruses as a Platform for the Treatment of Malignant Brain Tumors |
title_full_unstemmed | Oncolytic Viruses as a Platform for the Treatment of Malignant Brain Tumors |
title_short | Oncolytic Viruses as a Platform for the Treatment of Malignant Brain Tumors |
title_sort | oncolytic viruses as a platform for the treatment of malignant brain tumors |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7589928/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33050329 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207449 |
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