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Diet, Microbiota and Brain Health: Unraveling the Network Intersecting Metabolism and Neurodegeneration
Increasing evidence gives support for the idea that extra-neuronal factors may affect brain physiology and its predisposition to neurodegenerative diseases. Epidemiological and experimental studies show that nutrition and metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes increase the risk of A...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7590163/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33050475 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207471 |
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author | Gentile, Francesco Doneddu, Pietro Emiliano Riva, Nilo Nobile-Orazio, Eduardo Quattrini, Angelo |
author_facet | Gentile, Francesco Doneddu, Pietro Emiliano Riva, Nilo Nobile-Orazio, Eduardo Quattrini, Angelo |
author_sort | Gentile, Francesco |
collection | PubMed |
description | Increasing evidence gives support for the idea that extra-neuronal factors may affect brain physiology and its predisposition to neurodegenerative diseases. Epidemiological and experimental studies show that nutrition and metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes increase the risk of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases after midlife, while the relationship with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is uncertain, but suggests a protective effect of features of metabolic syndrome. The microbiota has recently emerged as a novel factor engaging strong interactions with neurons and glia, deeply affecting their function and behavior in these diseases. In particular, recent evidence suggested that gut microbes are involved in the seeding of prion-like proteins and their spreading to the central nervous system. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the impact of metabolism, diet and microbiota in neurodegeneration, by affecting simultaneously several aspects of health regarding energy metabolism, immune system and neuronal function. Advancing technologies may allow researchers in the future to improve investigations in these fields, allowing the buildup of population-based preventive interventions and development of targeted therapeutics to halt progressive neurologic disability. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7590163 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75901632020-10-29 Diet, Microbiota and Brain Health: Unraveling the Network Intersecting Metabolism and Neurodegeneration Gentile, Francesco Doneddu, Pietro Emiliano Riva, Nilo Nobile-Orazio, Eduardo Quattrini, Angelo Int J Mol Sci Review Increasing evidence gives support for the idea that extra-neuronal factors may affect brain physiology and its predisposition to neurodegenerative diseases. Epidemiological and experimental studies show that nutrition and metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes increase the risk of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases after midlife, while the relationship with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is uncertain, but suggests a protective effect of features of metabolic syndrome. The microbiota has recently emerged as a novel factor engaging strong interactions with neurons and glia, deeply affecting their function and behavior in these diseases. In particular, recent evidence suggested that gut microbes are involved in the seeding of prion-like proteins and their spreading to the central nervous system. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the impact of metabolism, diet and microbiota in neurodegeneration, by affecting simultaneously several aspects of health regarding energy metabolism, immune system and neuronal function. Advancing technologies may allow researchers in the future to improve investigations in these fields, allowing the buildup of population-based preventive interventions and development of targeted therapeutics to halt progressive neurologic disability. MDPI 2020-10-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7590163/ /pubmed/33050475 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207471 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Gentile, Francesco Doneddu, Pietro Emiliano Riva, Nilo Nobile-Orazio, Eduardo Quattrini, Angelo Diet, Microbiota and Brain Health: Unraveling the Network Intersecting Metabolism and Neurodegeneration |
title | Diet, Microbiota and Brain Health: Unraveling the Network Intersecting Metabolism and Neurodegeneration |
title_full | Diet, Microbiota and Brain Health: Unraveling the Network Intersecting Metabolism and Neurodegeneration |
title_fullStr | Diet, Microbiota and Brain Health: Unraveling the Network Intersecting Metabolism and Neurodegeneration |
title_full_unstemmed | Diet, Microbiota and Brain Health: Unraveling the Network Intersecting Metabolism and Neurodegeneration |
title_short | Diet, Microbiota and Brain Health: Unraveling the Network Intersecting Metabolism and Neurodegeneration |
title_sort | diet, microbiota and brain health: unraveling the network intersecting metabolism and neurodegeneration |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7590163/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33050475 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207471 |
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