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Cytological analysis of integumentary and muscular adaptations in three sand‐dwelling marine teleosts, Ammodytes tobianus (Ammodytidae), Gorgasia preclara (Congridae) and Heteroconger hassi (Congridae) (Teleostei; Actinopterygii)

Sandy bottoms are a ubiquitous environment found from sea bottoms to intertidal and freshwater zones. They are inhabited by many invertebrates and vertebrates which have developed morphological and physiological adaptations to sustain life under these particular conditions. Sandy habitats exhibit th...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Canei, Jérôme, Trupia, Arnaud, Nonclercq, Denis
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7590194/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32705684
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14472
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author Canei, Jérôme
Trupia, Arnaud
Nonclercq, Denis
author_facet Canei, Jérôme
Trupia, Arnaud
Nonclercq, Denis
author_sort Canei, Jérôme
collection PubMed
description Sandy bottoms are a ubiquitous environment found from sea bottoms to intertidal and freshwater zones. They are inhabited by many invertebrates and vertebrates which have developed morphological and physiological adaptations to sustain life under these particular conditions. Sandy habitats exhibit three potential constraints: abrasion, hypoxia and mechanical resistance. Here, three teleost species living in sandy environments were investigated: Ammodytes tobianus (Ammodytidae), Gorgasia preclara and Heteroconger hassi (Congridae). These teleost fishes were studied for their integument and muscular systems, which are potentially subject to sand abrasion and hypoxia, respectively. Based on histochemistry and transmission electron microscopy, we found the complex mucus system of G. preclara and H. hassi consists of two types of goblet cells and one type of sacciform cell. The secretions of both species are made of complex polysaccharides. In contrast, the scaly integument of A. tobianus has only a few goblet cells and no sacciform cells. We also highlighted, by immunohistochemistry, that the epidermal cell proliferation was much higher for this latter species, potentially resulting from the high rate of sand abrasion when A. tobianus buries itself quickly in the substrate. For all species, the major muscle fibre type was revealed by histoenzymology and corresponds to fast glycolytic fibres followed by intermediate fibres with slow fibres in the lowest proportion. Ammodytes tobianus possesses the highest fast fibre proportion (about 87% for A. tobianus and 75–78% for both garden eels). Our results provide new insights into the previously poorly studied teleost species, such as G. preclara, and allow us to highlight the complex skin histology of both garden eel species. Furthermore, the previously unknown muscle typing of these three species was determined.
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spelling pubmed-75901942020-10-30 Cytological analysis of integumentary and muscular adaptations in three sand‐dwelling marine teleosts, Ammodytes tobianus (Ammodytidae), Gorgasia preclara (Congridae) and Heteroconger hassi (Congridae) (Teleostei; Actinopterygii) Canei, Jérôme Trupia, Arnaud Nonclercq, Denis J Fish Biol Regular Papers Sandy bottoms are a ubiquitous environment found from sea bottoms to intertidal and freshwater zones. They are inhabited by many invertebrates and vertebrates which have developed morphological and physiological adaptations to sustain life under these particular conditions. Sandy habitats exhibit three potential constraints: abrasion, hypoxia and mechanical resistance. Here, three teleost species living in sandy environments were investigated: Ammodytes tobianus (Ammodytidae), Gorgasia preclara and Heteroconger hassi (Congridae). These teleost fishes were studied for their integument and muscular systems, which are potentially subject to sand abrasion and hypoxia, respectively. Based on histochemistry and transmission electron microscopy, we found the complex mucus system of G. preclara and H. hassi consists of two types of goblet cells and one type of sacciform cell. The secretions of both species are made of complex polysaccharides. In contrast, the scaly integument of A. tobianus has only a few goblet cells and no sacciform cells. We also highlighted, by immunohistochemistry, that the epidermal cell proliferation was much higher for this latter species, potentially resulting from the high rate of sand abrasion when A. tobianus buries itself quickly in the substrate. For all species, the major muscle fibre type was revealed by histoenzymology and corresponds to fast glycolytic fibres followed by intermediate fibres with slow fibres in the lowest proportion. Ammodytes tobianus possesses the highest fast fibre proportion (about 87% for A. tobianus and 75–78% for both garden eels). Our results provide new insights into the previously poorly studied teleost species, such as G. preclara, and allow us to highlight the complex skin histology of both garden eel species. Furthermore, the previously unknown muscle typing of these three species was determined. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2020-08-18 2020-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7590194/ /pubmed/32705684 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14472 Text en © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Fish Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Fisheries Society of the British Isles. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Regular Papers
Canei, Jérôme
Trupia, Arnaud
Nonclercq, Denis
Cytological analysis of integumentary and muscular adaptations in three sand‐dwelling marine teleosts, Ammodytes tobianus (Ammodytidae), Gorgasia preclara (Congridae) and Heteroconger hassi (Congridae) (Teleostei; Actinopterygii)
title Cytological analysis of integumentary and muscular adaptations in three sand‐dwelling marine teleosts, Ammodytes tobianus (Ammodytidae), Gorgasia preclara (Congridae) and Heteroconger hassi (Congridae) (Teleostei; Actinopterygii)
title_full Cytological analysis of integumentary and muscular adaptations in three sand‐dwelling marine teleosts, Ammodytes tobianus (Ammodytidae), Gorgasia preclara (Congridae) and Heteroconger hassi (Congridae) (Teleostei; Actinopterygii)
title_fullStr Cytological analysis of integumentary and muscular adaptations in three sand‐dwelling marine teleosts, Ammodytes tobianus (Ammodytidae), Gorgasia preclara (Congridae) and Heteroconger hassi (Congridae) (Teleostei; Actinopterygii)
title_full_unstemmed Cytological analysis of integumentary and muscular adaptations in three sand‐dwelling marine teleosts, Ammodytes tobianus (Ammodytidae), Gorgasia preclara (Congridae) and Heteroconger hassi (Congridae) (Teleostei; Actinopterygii)
title_short Cytological analysis of integumentary and muscular adaptations in three sand‐dwelling marine teleosts, Ammodytes tobianus (Ammodytidae), Gorgasia preclara (Congridae) and Heteroconger hassi (Congridae) (Teleostei; Actinopterygii)
title_sort cytological analysis of integumentary and muscular adaptations in three sand‐dwelling marine teleosts, ammodytes tobianus (ammodytidae), gorgasia preclara (congridae) and heteroconger hassi (congridae) (teleostei; actinopterygii)
topic Regular Papers
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7590194/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32705684
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfb.14472
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