Cargando…

A Novel Corn-Expressed Phytase Improves Daily Weight Gain, Protein Efficiency Ratio and Nutrients Digestibility and Alters Fecal Microbiota in Pigs Fed with Very Low Protein Diets

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Feeding pigs with very low crude protein (CP) diets with reduced calcium (Ca) and phosphorous (P) may be an effective strategy to decrease the nutrient excretion; however, this practice can negatively impact the growth performance of animals. Thus, there is an urgent need to improve...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Shili, Cedrick N., Broomhead, Jonathan N., Spring, Shelby C., Lanahan, Mike B., Pezeshki, Adel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7590218/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33092137
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10101926
_version_ 1783600757245739008
author Shili, Cedrick N.
Broomhead, Jonathan N.
Spring, Shelby C.
Lanahan, Mike B.
Pezeshki, Adel
author_facet Shili, Cedrick N.
Broomhead, Jonathan N.
Spring, Shelby C.
Lanahan, Mike B.
Pezeshki, Adel
author_sort Shili, Cedrick N.
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Feeding pigs with very low crude protein (CP) diets with reduced calcium (Ca) and phosphorous (P) may be an effective strategy to decrease the nutrient excretion; however, this practice can negatively impact the growth performance of animals. Thus, there is an urgent need to improve the utilization of nitrogen, Ca and P in pigs. This study aimed to assess the effect of a novel corn-expressed phytase on growth performance, nutrients digestibility, gut microbial population, bone mineral density and content and blood metabolites in nursery pigs fed with low-CP, -Ca, and -P diets. Supplementation of very low protein diets with a corn-expressed phytase decreased the negative effects of these diets on average daily gain and protein efficiency ratio of pigs, increased the digestibility of Ca and P regardless of the levels of these minerals in the diet, improved bone characteristics and altered the fecal bacterial composition. This study suggests that corn-expressed phytase can be potentially useful for improving the growth performance of weaned pigs fed with low protein diets and should be considered for sustainable swine production. ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of a novel corn-expressed phytase (CEP) on growth, nutrients digestibility, bone characteristics and fecal microbiota of pigs fed with very low-protein, -calcium (Ca) and -phosphorous (P) diets. Forty-eight barrows were subjected to 6 groups for 4 weeks: positive control-adequate protein (PC), negative control-reduced protein (NC), NC + low-dose CEP, i.e., 2000 FTU/kg (LD), NC + high-dose CEP, i.e., 4000 FTU/kg (HD), LD with 0.12% unit reduced Ca and 0.15% unit reduced available P (LDR), and HD with 0.12% unit reduced Ca and 0.15% unit reduced available P (HDR). Compared to NC, LD and HDR had a higher average daily gain (ADG) and gain:protein ratio (G:P), HD and HDR had greater apparent fecal digestibility of Ca and P and bone mineral density and LDR and HDR had lower serum osteocalcin. The feces of LD was enriched in Lachnospiraceae, while the HD had a higher abundance of Succinvibrio and LDR had a higher abundance of Bifidobacterium and Actinobacteria. In conclusion, supplementation of protein-restricted diets with a CEP decreased their negative effects on ADG and G:P ratio, increased the digestibility of Ca and P regardless of the levels of these minerals in the diet, improved bone characteristics and produced differential effects on fecal bacterial population.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7590218
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-75902182020-10-29 A Novel Corn-Expressed Phytase Improves Daily Weight Gain, Protein Efficiency Ratio and Nutrients Digestibility and Alters Fecal Microbiota in Pigs Fed with Very Low Protein Diets Shili, Cedrick N. Broomhead, Jonathan N. Spring, Shelby C. Lanahan, Mike B. Pezeshki, Adel Animals (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Feeding pigs with very low crude protein (CP) diets with reduced calcium (Ca) and phosphorous (P) may be an effective strategy to decrease the nutrient excretion; however, this practice can negatively impact the growth performance of animals. Thus, there is an urgent need to improve the utilization of nitrogen, Ca and P in pigs. This study aimed to assess the effect of a novel corn-expressed phytase on growth performance, nutrients digestibility, gut microbial population, bone mineral density and content and blood metabolites in nursery pigs fed with low-CP, -Ca, and -P diets. Supplementation of very low protein diets with a corn-expressed phytase decreased the negative effects of these diets on average daily gain and protein efficiency ratio of pigs, increased the digestibility of Ca and P regardless of the levels of these minerals in the diet, improved bone characteristics and altered the fecal bacterial composition. This study suggests that corn-expressed phytase can be potentially useful for improving the growth performance of weaned pigs fed with low protein diets and should be considered for sustainable swine production. ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of a novel corn-expressed phytase (CEP) on growth, nutrients digestibility, bone characteristics and fecal microbiota of pigs fed with very low-protein, -calcium (Ca) and -phosphorous (P) diets. Forty-eight barrows were subjected to 6 groups for 4 weeks: positive control-adequate protein (PC), negative control-reduced protein (NC), NC + low-dose CEP, i.e., 2000 FTU/kg (LD), NC + high-dose CEP, i.e., 4000 FTU/kg (HD), LD with 0.12% unit reduced Ca and 0.15% unit reduced available P (LDR), and HD with 0.12% unit reduced Ca and 0.15% unit reduced available P (HDR). Compared to NC, LD and HDR had a higher average daily gain (ADG) and gain:protein ratio (G:P), HD and HDR had greater apparent fecal digestibility of Ca and P and bone mineral density and LDR and HDR had lower serum osteocalcin. The feces of LD was enriched in Lachnospiraceae, while the HD had a higher abundance of Succinvibrio and LDR had a higher abundance of Bifidobacterium and Actinobacteria. In conclusion, supplementation of protein-restricted diets with a CEP decreased their negative effects on ADG and G:P ratio, increased the digestibility of Ca and P regardless of the levels of these minerals in the diet, improved bone characteristics and produced differential effects on fecal bacterial population. MDPI 2020-10-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7590218/ /pubmed/33092137 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10101926 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Shili, Cedrick N.
Broomhead, Jonathan N.
Spring, Shelby C.
Lanahan, Mike B.
Pezeshki, Adel
A Novel Corn-Expressed Phytase Improves Daily Weight Gain, Protein Efficiency Ratio and Nutrients Digestibility and Alters Fecal Microbiota in Pigs Fed with Very Low Protein Diets
title A Novel Corn-Expressed Phytase Improves Daily Weight Gain, Protein Efficiency Ratio and Nutrients Digestibility and Alters Fecal Microbiota in Pigs Fed with Very Low Protein Diets
title_full A Novel Corn-Expressed Phytase Improves Daily Weight Gain, Protein Efficiency Ratio and Nutrients Digestibility and Alters Fecal Microbiota in Pigs Fed with Very Low Protein Diets
title_fullStr A Novel Corn-Expressed Phytase Improves Daily Weight Gain, Protein Efficiency Ratio and Nutrients Digestibility and Alters Fecal Microbiota in Pigs Fed with Very Low Protein Diets
title_full_unstemmed A Novel Corn-Expressed Phytase Improves Daily Weight Gain, Protein Efficiency Ratio and Nutrients Digestibility and Alters Fecal Microbiota in Pigs Fed with Very Low Protein Diets
title_short A Novel Corn-Expressed Phytase Improves Daily Weight Gain, Protein Efficiency Ratio and Nutrients Digestibility and Alters Fecal Microbiota in Pigs Fed with Very Low Protein Diets
title_sort novel corn-expressed phytase improves daily weight gain, protein efficiency ratio and nutrients digestibility and alters fecal microbiota in pigs fed with very low protein diets
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7590218/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33092137
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10101926
work_keys_str_mv AT shilicedrickn anovelcornexpressedphytaseimprovesdailyweightgainproteinefficiencyratioandnutrientsdigestibilityandaltersfecalmicrobiotainpigsfedwithverylowproteindiets
AT broomheadjonathann anovelcornexpressedphytaseimprovesdailyweightgainproteinefficiencyratioandnutrientsdigestibilityandaltersfecalmicrobiotainpigsfedwithverylowproteindiets
AT springshelbyc anovelcornexpressedphytaseimprovesdailyweightgainproteinefficiencyratioandnutrientsdigestibilityandaltersfecalmicrobiotainpigsfedwithverylowproteindiets
AT lanahanmikeb anovelcornexpressedphytaseimprovesdailyweightgainproteinefficiencyratioandnutrientsdigestibilityandaltersfecalmicrobiotainpigsfedwithverylowproteindiets
AT pezeshkiadel anovelcornexpressedphytaseimprovesdailyweightgainproteinefficiencyratioandnutrientsdigestibilityandaltersfecalmicrobiotainpigsfedwithverylowproteindiets
AT shilicedrickn novelcornexpressedphytaseimprovesdailyweightgainproteinefficiencyratioandnutrientsdigestibilityandaltersfecalmicrobiotainpigsfedwithverylowproteindiets
AT broomheadjonathann novelcornexpressedphytaseimprovesdailyweightgainproteinefficiencyratioandnutrientsdigestibilityandaltersfecalmicrobiotainpigsfedwithverylowproteindiets
AT springshelbyc novelcornexpressedphytaseimprovesdailyweightgainproteinefficiencyratioandnutrientsdigestibilityandaltersfecalmicrobiotainpigsfedwithverylowproteindiets
AT lanahanmikeb novelcornexpressedphytaseimprovesdailyweightgainproteinefficiencyratioandnutrientsdigestibilityandaltersfecalmicrobiotainpigsfedwithverylowproteindiets
AT pezeshkiadel novelcornexpressedphytaseimprovesdailyweightgainproteinefficiencyratioandnutrientsdigestibilityandaltersfecalmicrobiotainpigsfedwithverylowproteindiets