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Detection of Ascaris lumbricoides infection by ABA-1 coproantigen ELISA

Intestinal worms, or soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), affect hundreds of millions of people in all tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The most prevalent STH is Ascaris lumbricoides. Through large-scale deworming programs, World Health Organization aims to reduce morbidity, caused by mo...

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Autores principales: Lagatie, Ole, Verheyen, Ann, Van Hoof, Kim, Lauwers, Dax, Odiere, Maurice R., Vlaminck, Johnny, Levecke, Bruno, Stuyver, Lieven J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7591086/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33057357
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008807
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author Lagatie, Ole
Verheyen, Ann
Van Hoof, Kim
Lauwers, Dax
Odiere, Maurice R.
Vlaminck, Johnny
Levecke, Bruno
Stuyver, Lieven J.
author_facet Lagatie, Ole
Verheyen, Ann
Van Hoof, Kim
Lauwers, Dax
Odiere, Maurice R.
Vlaminck, Johnny
Levecke, Bruno
Stuyver, Lieven J.
author_sort Lagatie, Ole
collection PubMed
description Intestinal worms, or soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), affect hundreds of millions of people in all tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The most prevalent STH is Ascaris lumbricoides. Through large-scale deworming programs, World Health Organization aims to reduce morbidity, caused by moderate-to-heavy intensity infections, below 2%. In order to monitor these control programs, stool samples are examined microscopically for the presence of worm eggs. This procedure requires well-trained personnel and is known to show variability between different operators interpreting the slides. We have investigated whether ABA-1, one of the excretory-secretory products of A. lumbricoides can be used as a coproantigen marker for infection with this parasite. Polyclonal antibodies were generated and a coproantigen ELISA was developed. Using this ELISA, it was found that ABA-1 in stool detected Ascaris infection with a sensitivity of 91.5% and a specificity of 95.3%. Our results also demonstrate that there is a correlation between ABA-1 levels in stool and A. lumbricoides DNA detected in stool. Using a threshold of 18.2 ng/g stool the ABA-1 ELISA correctly assigned 68.4% of infected individuals to the moderate-to-heavy intensity infection group, with a specificity of 97.1%. Furthermore, the levels of ABA-1 in stool were shown to rapidly and strongly decrease upon administration of a standard anthelminthic treatment (single oral dose of 400 mg albendazole). In an Ascaris suum infection model in pigs, it was found that ABA-1 remained undetectable until day 28 and was detected at day 42 or 56, concurrent with the appearance of worm eggs in the stool. This report demonstrates that ABA-1 can be considered an Ascaris -specific coproantigen marker that can be used to monitor infection intensity. It also opens the path for development of point-of-care immunoassay-based tests to determine A. lumbricoides infection in stool at the sample collection site.
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spelling pubmed-75910862020-10-30 Detection of Ascaris lumbricoides infection by ABA-1 coproantigen ELISA Lagatie, Ole Verheyen, Ann Van Hoof, Kim Lauwers, Dax Odiere, Maurice R. Vlaminck, Johnny Levecke, Bruno Stuyver, Lieven J. PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article Intestinal worms, or soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), affect hundreds of millions of people in all tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The most prevalent STH is Ascaris lumbricoides. Through large-scale deworming programs, World Health Organization aims to reduce morbidity, caused by moderate-to-heavy intensity infections, below 2%. In order to monitor these control programs, stool samples are examined microscopically for the presence of worm eggs. This procedure requires well-trained personnel and is known to show variability between different operators interpreting the slides. We have investigated whether ABA-1, one of the excretory-secretory products of A. lumbricoides can be used as a coproantigen marker for infection with this parasite. Polyclonal antibodies were generated and a coproantigen ELISA was developed. Using this ELISA, it was found that ABA-1 in stool detected Ascaris infection with a sensitivity of 91.5% and a specificity of 95.3%. Our results also demonstrate that there is a correlation between ABA-1 levels in stool and A. lumbricoides DNA detected in stool. Using a threshold of 18.2 ng/g stool the ABA-1 ELISA correctly assigned 68.4% of infected individuals to the moderate-to-heavy intensity infection group, with a specificity of 97.1%. Furthermore, the levels of ABA-1 in stool were shown to rapidly and strongly decrease upon administration of a standard anthelminthic treatment (single oral dose of 400 mg albendazole). In an Ascaris suum infection model in pigs, it was found that ABA-1 remained undetectable until day 28 and was detected at day 42 or 56, concurrent with the appearance of worm eggs in the stool. This report demonstrates that ABA-1 can be considered an Ascaris -specific coproantigen marker that can be used to monitor infection intensity. It also opens the path for development of point-of-care immunoassay-based tests to determine A. lumbricoides infection in stool at the sample collection site. Public Library of Science 2020-10-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7591086/ /pubmed/33057357 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008807 Text en © 2020 Lagatie et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Lagatie, Ole
Verheyen, Ann
Van Hoof, Kim
Lauwers, Dax
Odiere, Maurice R.
Vlaminck, Johnny
Levecke, Bruno
Stuyver, Lieven J.
Detection of Ascaris lumbricoides infection by ABA-1 coproantigen ELISA
title Detection of Ascaris lumbricoides infection by ABA-1 coproantigen ELISA
title_full Detection of Ascaris lumbricoides infection by ABA-1 coproantigen ELISA
title_fullStr Detection of Ascaris lumbricoides infection by ABA-1 coproantigen ELISA
title_full_unstemmed Detection of Ascaris lumbricoides infection by ABA-1 coproantigen ELISA
title_short Detection of Ascaris lumbricoides infection by ABA-1 coproantigen ELISA
title_sort detection of ascaris lumbricoides infection by aba-1 coproantigen elisa
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7591086/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33057357
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008807
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