Risk Factors Affecting Clinical Outcome in Patients with Carbapenem-Resistant K. pneumoniae: A Retrospective Study

BACKGROUND: The increased prevalence of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) poses a great threat worldwide. Early identification of CRKP in patients is paramount. Moreover, fully understanding the risk factors affecting clinical outcome and actively providing targeted treatment can improve the cure rate of patients with CRKP. Therefore, our study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and identify the risk factors affecting clinical outcomes in patients with CRKP. MATERIAL/METHODS: From January 2016 to September 2017, CRKP strains and clinical data from 97 hospitalized patients were collected. We first performed an antibiotic susceptibility test on CRKP strains using the Kirby-Bauer disc agar diffusion method. Logistic regression analysis was then performed to analyze risk factors. RESULTS: According to clinical outcome, among the 97 CRKP patients, 67 were in the effective group and 30 patients were in the noneffective group. Risk factors found to correlate with poor clinical outcome in patients with CRKP included ICU admission, arteriovenous catheterization, indwelling gastric tube, indwelling urethral catheter, tracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation, hypoproteinemia, and exposure to carbapenems. Multivariate analysis showed that hypoproteinemia (OR: 2.83, p=0.042), presence of an indwelling gastric tube (OR: 4.54, p=0.005), and exposure to carbapenems (OR: 2.77, p=0.045) negatively affected clinical outcome in patients with CRKP. CONCLUSIONS: Adverse risk factors correlated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with CRKP were determined. This could be of help in identifying high-risk patients with whom clinicians should take extra precautions and adjust therapeutic strategy to supplement conventional basic treatment with additional measures.