Retrospective Comparison of the Safety and Effectiveness of Dexmedetomidine Versus Standard of Care Before and During Cesarean Delivery in a Maternity Unit in Zhengzhou, China

BACKGROUND: The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that intravenous dexmedetomidine is safe and effective when administered to women before and during cesarean section. MATERIAL/METHODS: The analysis included 392 women who received spinal anesthesia and no analgesia prior to undergoing elective cesarean delivery. Of them, 115 women received dexmedetomidine before anesthesia and during delivery (DX cohort), 109 received normal saline before anesthesia and during delivery and dexmedetomidine after delivery (SC cohort), and 168 received normal saline only before anesthesia and during delivery (CN cohort). Data about the women’s consumption of sufentanil and ondansetron during hospitalization, onset of lactation, and hospital stays were retrospectively collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Most of the women in the study were primiparous (362/392). The women in the DX cohort received less sufentanil during their hospital stays than those in either of the other 2 cohorts (SC comparison: 151.45±11.15 μg vs. 175.12±25.15 μg, P<0.0001, q=8.776; CN comparison: 151.45±11.15 μg vs. 185.42±37.45 μg, P<0.0001, q=13.911). Also, the women in the DX cohort received less ondansetron before discharge and had shorter times to first lactation and hospital stays than those in the SC and CN cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: Administering dexmedetomidine before spinal anesthesia appears to be safe and effective for women undergoing elective cesarean delivery.