The benefits evaluation of abdominal deep inspiration breath hold based on knowledge‐based radiotherapy treatment planning for left‐sided breast cancer

PURPOSE: To study the impact of abdominal deep inspiration breath hold (DIBH) technique on knowledge‐based radiotherapy treatment planning for left‐sided breast cancer to guide the application of DIBH technology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two kernel density estimation (KDE) models were developed based on 40 left‐sided breast cancer patients with two CT acquisitions of free breathing (FB‐CT) and DIBH (DIBH‐CT). Each KDE model was used to predict dose volume histograms (DVHs) based on DIBH‐CT and FB‐CT for another 10 new patients similar to our training datasets. The predicted DVHs were taken as a substitute for dose constraints and objective functions in the Eclipse treatment planning system, with the same requirements for the planning target volume (PTV). The mean doses to the heart, the left anterior descending coronary artery (LADCA) and the ipsilateral lung were evaluated and compared using the T‐test among clinical plans, KDE predictions, and KDE plans. RESULTS: Our study demonstrated that the KDE model can generate deliverable simulations equivalent to clinically applicable plans. The T‐test was applied to test the consistency hypothesis on another ten left‐sided breast cancer patients. In cases of the same breathing status, there was no statistically significant difference between the predicted and the clinical plans for all clinically relevant DVH indices (P > 0.05), and all predicted DVHs can be transferred into deliverable plans. For DIBH‐CT images, significant differences were observed between FB model predictions and clinical plans (P < 0.05). DIBH model prediction cannot be optimized to a deliverable plan based on FB‐CT, with a counsel of perfection. CONCLUSION: KDE models can predict DVHs well for the same breathing conditions but degrade with different breathing conditions. The benefits of DIBH for a given patient can be evaluated with a quick comparison of prediction results of the two models before treatment planning.