Comparison of Clinical Effectiveness of Deslorelin Acetate and Osaterone Acetate in Dogs with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

SIMPLE SUMMARY: The article compares the treatment efficacy and adverse effects of two drugs used for benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) therapy in dogs: Ypozane(TM) (osaterone acetate) and Suprelorin(TM) (deslorelin acetate). Ypozane(TM) is a registered medication for this condition in dogs, whereas Suprelorin(TM) is registered for pharmacological castration in dogs. The clinical trial proved both drugs to be safe and effective in reducing BPH-related symptoms in dogs, and the noted adverse effects were only mild—mostly weight gain. With osaterone acetate the clinical improvement was noted sooner (from day 7 onwards) than with Suprelorin(TM) (from day 21 onwards), but it lasted shorter up to 24 weeks, while in the Suprelorin(TM) group, clinical effect remained stable until the end of the study (36 weeks). Both medications can be recommended for treatment of symptoms related to BPH in dogs, as none of the drugs had serious influence on the general health status and both provided substantial clinical improvement. ABSTRACT: This article presents the results of a randomized clinical trial, designed to compare the efficacy and therapeutic profiles of Ypozane(TM) (osaterone acetate—OA) or Suprelorin(TM) (deslorelin acetate—DA) in male dogs with clinical signs of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Forty-five intact male dogs were used in the study. The Group I (negative control) included 10 healthy dogs, the Group II (positive control) included 10 dogs with confirmed BPH and no treatment, whereas Group III and IV consisted of dogs with BPH and treated either with DA (15 dogs) or OA (10 dogs). The clinical response, testosterone and estradiol levels, hematology, biochemistry, and adverse effects incidence were evaluated. Both OA and DA proved to be effective for BPH treatment in dogs, as they allowed for the clinical remission in all treated dogs. The complete alleviation of BPH symptoms was noticed sooner with the use of OA (in 80% of dogs from day 7) compared to DA (in 40% of dogs within the first 21 days). The recurrence of clinical signs related to BPH was observed from week 24 in dogs treated with OA, whereas no relapse was noticed in dogs treated with DA at the end of the 36 weeks of the observation period. In 5 dogs (33%) treated with DA, a flare-up effect (increase in the clinical signs associated with BPH) was noticed on day 7. Despite individual differences in the clinical action, both medications were effective and safe options for the treatment of symptoms related to BPH in dogs.