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The Effects of Hybridisation of Composites Consisting of Aramid, Carbon, and Hemp Fibres in a Quasi-Static Penetration Test

The quasi-static penetration properties of hybrid laminates were experimentally investigated. Aramid fabrics, carbon fabrics, and short hemp fibres were applied as the reinforcements of hybrid and non-hybrid composite laminates with polyurethane–polyurea (PUR/PUA) matrix. The laminates were made by...

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Autores principales: Pach, Joanna, Frączek, Natalia, Kaczmar, Jacek
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7594039/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33096713
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13204686
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author Pach, Joanna
Frączek, Natalia
Kaczmar, Jacek
author_facet Pach, Joanna
Frączek, Natalia
Kaczmar, Jacek
author_sort Pach, Joanna
collection PubMed
description The quasi-static penetration properties of hybrid laminates were experimentally investigated. Aramid fabrics, carbon fabrics, and short hemp fibres were applied as the reinforcements of hybrid and non-hybrid composite laminates with polyurethane–polyurea (PUR/PUA) matrix. The laminates were made by hand, in a mould. They were cured at room temperature for 24 h. Hybrid laminates consisted of aramid and carbon layers in two different configurations, i.e., aramid at the innermost layers and outermost layers. Aramid/PUR/PUA and carbon/PUR/PUA composites were fabricated for comparison purposes. Laminates were also prepared via an analogue sequence of laying the reinforcement layers with the addition of 5% by weight of hemp fibres in the PUR/PUA matrix. Quasi-static penetration tests (QSPT) were conducted using a tensile testing machine with a surface-hardened, hemispherical, steel punch (9 mm diameter tip), reflecting the geometry of the Parabellum projectile. A quasi-static puncture test was carried out until the laminate was perforated. The ratio between the support span (Ds) and the punch diameter (Dp) was SPR = Ds/Dp = 5.0. The results showed the influences of laminate hybridisation on the values of absorbed energy, punch shear strength, and damage mechanism in the QSPT test. The addition of hemp fibres to aramid laminates resulted in a positive hybridisation effect. The order of layers of aramid and carbon fabrics in hybrid laminates influenced the results obtained in the QSPT test.
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spelling pubmed-75940392020-10-30 The Effects of Hybridisation of Composites Consisting of Aramid, Carbon, and Hemp Fibres in a Quasi-Static Penetration Test Pach, Joanna Frączek, Natalia Kaczmar, Jacek Materials (Basel) Article The quasi-static penetration properties of hybrid laminates were experimentally investigated. Aramid fabrics, carbon fabrics, and short hemp fibres were applied as the reinforcements of hybrid and non-hybrid composite laminates with polyurethane–polyurea (PUR/PUA) matrix. The laminates were made by hand, in a mould. They were cured at room temperature for 24 h. Hybrid laminates consisted of aramid and carbon layers in two different configurations, i.e., aramid at the innermost layers and outermost layers. Aramid/PUR/PUA and carbon/PUR/PUA composites were fabricated for comparison purposes. Laminates were also prepared via an analogue sequence of laying the reinforcement layers with the addition of 5% by weight of hemp fibres in the PUR/PUA matrix. Quasi-static penetration tests (QSPT) were conducted using a tensile testing machine with a surface-hardened, hemispherical, steel punch (9 mm diameter tip), reflecting the geometry of the Parabellum projectile. A quasi-static puncture test was carried out until the laminate was perforated. The ratio between the support span (Ds) and the punch diameter (Dp) was SPR = Ds/Dp = 5.0. The results showed the influences of laminate hybridisation on the values of absorbed energy, punch shear strength, and damage mechanism in the QSPT test. The addition of hemp fibres to aramid laminates resulted in a positive hybridisation effect. The order of layers of aramid and carbon fabrics in hybrid laminates influenced the results obtained in the QSPT test. MDPI 2020-10-21 /pmc/articles/PMC7594039/ /pubmed/33096713 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13204686 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Pach, Joanna
Frączek, Natalia
Kaczmar, Jacek
The Effects of Hybridisation of Composites Consisting of Aramid, Carbon, and Hemp Fibres in a Quasi-Static Penetration Test
title The Effects of Hybridisation of Composites Consisting of Aramid, Carbon, and Hemp Fibres in a Quasi-Static Penetration Test
title_full The Effects of Hybridisation of Composites Consisting of Aramid, Carbon, and Hemp Fibres in a Quasi-Static Penetration Test
title_fullStr The Effects of Hybridisation of Composites Consisting of Aramid, Carbon, and Hemp Fibres in a Quasi-Static Penetration Test
title_full_unstemmed The Effects of Hybridisation of Composites Consisting of Aramid, Carbon, and Hemp Fibres in a Quasi-Static Penetration Test
title_short The Effects of Hybridisation of Composites Consisting of Aramid, Carbon, and Hemp Fibres in a Quasi-Static Penetration Test
title_sort effects of hybridisation of composites consisting of aramid, carbon, and hemp fibres in a quasi-static penetration test
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7594039/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33096713
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13204686
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