A novel DSN‐based fluorescence assay for MicroRNA‐133a detection and its application for LVH diagnosis in maintenance hemodialysis patients

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is the most powerful predictor of cardiovascular mortality in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Circulating microRNA‐133a (miR‐133a) was reported to be a potential biomarker for LVH in MHD patients. The aim of this experiment is to establish a novel DSN (duplex‐specific‐nuclease)‐based fluorescence assay for the ultrasensitive detection of miR‐133a and investigate its application for LVH diagnosis in MHD patients. The results indicate DSN enzyme combined with ultrathin metallic MoS(2) nanosheets presents high sensitivity, specificity, and low fluorescence background for miR‐133a detection. Then, circulating miR‐133a levels in plasma from 40 MHD patients and 20 healthy controls are analyzed by such assay. The levels of miR‐133a are down‐regulated in MHD patients with LVH compared to MHD patients without LVH and healthy controls, and the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve shows strong separation between MHD with LVH patients and MHD without LVH patients. Furthermore, the liner regression analysis shows negative correlation of miR‐133a level and interventricular septum thickness (IVS) as well as left ventricular mass index (LVMI), the indicators of LVH. Therefore, our findings reveal DSN‐based fluorescence assay for miR‐133a is suitable for LVH diagnosis in MHD patients.