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Natural-Based Biomaterials for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair

Peripheral nerve injury treatment is a relevant problem because of nerve lesion high incidence and because of unsatisfactory regeneration after severe injuries, thus resulting in a reduced patient’s life quality. To repair severe nerve injuries characterized by substance loss and to improve the rege...

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Autores principales: Fornasari, Benedetta E., Carta, Giacomo, Gambarotta, Giovanna, Raimondo, Stefania
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7596179/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33178670
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.554257
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author Fornasari, Benedetta E.
Carta, Giacomo
Gambarotta, Giovanna
Raimondo, Stefania
author_facet Fornasari, Benedetta E.
Carta, Giacomo
Gambarotta, Giovanna
Raimondo, Stefania
author_sort Fornasari, Benedetta E.
collection PubMed
description Peripheral nerve injury treatment is a relevant problem because of nerve lesion high incidence and because of unsatisfactory regeneration after severe injuries, thus resulting in a reduced patient’s life quality. To repair severe nerve injuries characterized by substance loss and to improve the regeneration outcome at both motor and sensory level, different strategies have been investigated. Although autograft remains the gold standard technique, a growing number of research articles concerning nerve conduit use has been reported in the last years. Nerve conduits aim to overcome autograft disadvantages, but they must satisfy some requirements to be suitable for nerve repair. A universal ideal conduit does not exist, since conduit properties have to be evaluated case by case; nevertheless, because of their high biocompatibility and biodegradability, natural-based biomaterials have great potentiality to be used to produce nerve guides. Although they share many characteristics with synthetic biomaterials, natural-based biomaterials should also be preferable because of their extraction sources; indeed, these biomaterials are obtained from different renewable sources or food waste, thus reducing environmental impact and enhancing sustainability in comparison to synthetic ones. This review reports the strengths and weaknesses of natural-based biomaterials used for manufacturing peripheral nerve conduits, analyzing the interactions between natural-based biomaterials and biological environment. Particular attention was paid to the description of the preclinical outcome of nerve regeneration in injury repaired with the different natural-based conduits.
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spelling pubmed-75961792020-11-10 Natural-Based Biomaterials for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair Fornasari, Benedetta E. Carta, Giacomo Gambarotta, Giovanna Raimondo, Stefania Front Bioeng Biotechnol Bioengineering and Biotechnology Peripheral nerve injury treatment is a relevant problem because of nerve lesion high incidence and because of unsatisfactory regeneration after severe injuries, thus resulting in a reduced patient’s life quality. To repair severe nerve injuries characterized by substance loss and to improve the regeneration outcome at both motor and sensory level, different strategies have been investigated. Although autograft remains the gold standard technique, a growing number of research articles concerning nerve conduit use has been reported in the last years. Nerve conduits aim to overcome autograft disadvantages, but they must satisfy some requirements to be suitable for nerve repair. A universal ideal conduit does not exist, since conduit properties have to be evaluated case by case; nevertheless, because of their high biocompatibility and biodegradability, natural-based biomaterials have great potentiality to be used to produce nerve guides. Although they share many characteristics with synthetic biomaterials, natural-based biomaterials should also be preferable because of their extraction sources; indeed, these biomaterials are obtained from different renewable sources or food waste, thus reducing environmental impact and enhancing sustainability in comparison to synthetic ones. This review reports the strengths and weaknesses of natural-based biomaterials used for manufacturing peripheral nerve conduits, analyzing the interactions between natural-based biomaterials and biological environment. Particular attention was paid to the description of the preclinical outcome of nerve regeneration in injury repaired with the different natural-based conduits. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-10-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7596179/ /pubmed/33178670 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.554257 Text en Copyright © 2020 Fornasari, Carta, Gambarotta and Raimondo. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Fornasari, Benedetta E.
Carta, Giacomo
Gambarotta, Giovanna
Raimondo, Stefania
Natural-Based Biomaterials for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair
title Natural-Based Biomaterials for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair
title_full Natural-Based Biomaterials for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair
title_fullStr Natural-Based Biomaterials for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair
title_full_unstemmed Natural-Based Biomaterials for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair
title_short Natural-Based Biomaterials for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair
title_sort natural-based biomaterials for peripheral nerve injury repair
topic Bioengineering and Biotechnology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7596179/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33178670
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.554257
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