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Mesenchymal stem cells as living anti-inflammatory therapy for COVID-19 related acute respiratory distress syndrome
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a pandemic disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), is growing at an exponential rate worldwide. Manifestations of this disease are heterogeneous; however, advanced cases often exhibit various acute respiratory distress s...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7596438/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33178392 http://dx.doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v12.i10.1067 |
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author | Lin, Feng Ichim, Thomas E Pingle, Sandeep Jones, Lawrence D Kesari, Santosh Ashili, Shashaanka |
author_facet | Lin, Feng Ichim, Thomas E Pingle, Sandeep Jones, Lawrence D Kesari, Santosh Ashili, Shashaanka |
author_sort | Lin, Feng |
collection | PubMed |
description | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a pandemic disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), is growing at an exponential rate worldwide. Manifestations of this disease are heterogeneous; however, advanced cases often exhibit various acute respiratory distress syndrome-like symptoms, systemic inflammatory reactions, coagulopathy, and organ involvements. A common theme in advanced COVID-19 is unrestrained immune activation, classically referred to as a “cytokine storm”, as well as deficiencies in immune regulatory mechanisms such as T regulatory cells. While mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) themselves are objects of cytokine regulation, they can secrete cytokines to modulate immune cells by inducing anti-inflammatory regulatory Treg cells, macrophages and neutrophils; and by reducing the activation of T and B cells, dendritic and nature killer cells. Consequently, they have therapeutic potential for treating severe cases of COVID-19. Here we discuss the unique ability of MSCs, to act as a “living anti-inflammatory”, which can “rebalance” the cytokine/immune responses to restore equilibrium. We also discuss current MSC trials and present different concepts for optimization of MSC therapy in patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7596438 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Baishideng Publishing Group Inc |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75964382020-11-10 Mesenchymal stem cells as living anti-inflammatory therapy for COVID-19 related acute respiratory distress syndrome Lin, Feng Ichim, Thomas E Pingle, Sandeep Jones, Lawrence D Kesari, Santosh Ashili, Shashaanka World J Stem Cells Review Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a pandemic disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), is growing at an exponential rate worldwide. Manifestations of this disease are heterogeneous; however, advanced cases often exhibit various acute respiratory distress syndrome-like symptoms, systemic inflammatory reactions, coagulopathy, and organ involvements. A common theme in advanced COVID-19 is unrestrained immune activation, classically referred to as a “cytokine storm”, as well as deficiencies in immune regulatory mechanisms such as T regulatory cells. While mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) themselves are objects of cytokine regulation, they can secrete cytokines to modulate immune cells by inducing anti-inflammatory regulatory Treg cells, macrophages and neutrophils; and by reducing the activation of T and B cells, dendritic and nature killer cells. Consequently, they have therapeutic potential for treating severe cases of COVID-19. Here we discuss the unique ability of MSCs, to act as a “living anti-inflammatory”, which can “rebalance” the cytokine/immune responses to restore equilibrium. We also discuss current MSC trials and present different concepts for optimization of MSC therapy in patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome. Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2020-10-26 2020-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7596438/ /pubmed/33178392 http://dx.doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v12.i10.1067 Text en ©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Review Lin, Feng Ichim, Thomas E Pingle, Sandeep Jones, Lawrence D Kesari, Santosh Ashili, Shashaanka Mesenchymal stem cells as living anti-inflammatory therapy for COVID-19 related acute respiratory distress syndrome |
title | Mesenchymal stem cells as living anti-inflammatory therapy for COVID-19 related acute respiratory distress syndrome |
title_full | Mesenchymal stem cells as living anti-inflammatory therapy for COVID-19 related acute respiratory distress syndrome |
title_fullStr | Mesenchymal stem cells as living anti-inflammatory therapy for COVID-19 related acute respiratory distress syndrome |
title_full_unstemmed | Mesenchymal stem cells as living anti-inflammatory therapy for COVID-19 related acute respiratory distress syndrome |
title_short | Mesenchymal stem cells as living anti-inflammatory therapy for COVID-19 related acute respiratory distress syndrome |
title_sort | mesenchymal stem cells as living anti-inflammatory therapy for covid-19 related acute respiratory distress syndrome |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7596438/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33178392 http://dx.doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v12.i10.1067 |
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