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Factors Affecting Contrast Sensitivity in Intermittent Exotropia

PURPOSE: To determine whether contrast sensitivity (CS) can represent photophobia in intermittent exotropia (IXT) by comparing the CS test with and without glare stimulus, and to analyze the factors of IXT affecting CS. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 107 patients with ba...

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Autores principales: Kwon, Ji Min, Lee, Soo Jung
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Korean Ophthalmological Society 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7597612/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33099561
http://dx.doi.org/10.3341/kjo.2020.0058
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author Kwon, Ji Min
Lee, Soo Jung
author_facet Kwon, Ji Min
Lee, Soo Jung
author_sort Kwon, Ji Min
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE: To determine whether contrast sensitivity (CS) can represent photophobia in intermittent exotropia (IXT) by comparing the CS test with and without glare stimulus, and to analyze the factors of IXT affecting CS. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 107 patients with basic-type IXT. We compared CS under mesopic and photopic conditions, with and without glare. We compared the difference in CS before and after glare (ΔCS) between mesopic and photopic conditions, and compared CS with glare between patients with and without photophobia. The correlations between the clinical features of IXT and CS were analyzed. RESULTS: There was no significant reduction in CS at all spatial frequencies by glare stimulus. ΔCS was greater at high spatial frequencies under photopic conditions than under mesopic conditions. The group with subjective photophobia showed lower CS at 10.2 cpd under mesopic conditions with glare. CS showed a negative correlation with stereopsis under both mesopic and photopic conditions, and a positive correlation with fusional ability at low and intermediate spatial frequencies under mesopic conditions. ΔCS was smaller at intermediate spatial frequencies with better fusional ability, greater at high spatial frequencies with photophobia, and greater at intermediate spatial frequencies with a higher frequency of exotropia. CONCLUSIONS: The CS test could not represent photophobia in IXT. However, CS tended to decrease with glare stimulus, and CS under mesopic conditions with glare was worse when accompanied by photophobia. Moreover, a poorer degree of stereopsis was associated with lower CS, and better fusional ability was associated with higher CS under mesopic conditions. Therefore, the CS test can be considered helpful in evaluating sensory function in IXT.
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spelling pubmed-75976122020-11-03 Factors Affecting Contrast Sensitivity in Intermittent Exotropia Kwon, Ji Min Lee, Soo Jung Korean J Ophthalmol Original Article PURPOSE: To determine whether contrast sensitivity (CS) can represent photophobia in intermittent exotropia (IXT) by comparing the CS test with and without glare stimulus, and to analyze the factors of IXT affecting CS. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 107 patients with basic-type IXT. We compared CS under mesopic and photopic conditions, with and without glare. We compared the difference in CS before and after glare (ΔCS) between mesopic and photopic conditions, and compared CS with glare between patients with and without photophobia. The correlations between the clinical features of IXT and CS were analyzed. RESULTS: There was no significant reduction in CS at all spatial frequencies by glare stimulus. ΔCS was greater at high spatial frequencies under photopic conditions than under mesopic conditions. The group with subjective photophobia showed lower CS at 10.2 cpd under mesopic conditions with glare. CS showed a negative correlation with stereopsis under both mesopic and photopic conditions, and a positive correlation with fusional ability at low and intermediate spatial frequencies under mesopic conditions. ΔCS was smaller at intermediate spatial frequencies with better fusional ability, greater at high spatial frequencies with photophobia, and greater at intermediate spatial frequencies with a higher frequency of exotropia. CONCLUSIONS: The CS test could not represent photophobia in IXT. However, CS tended to decrease with glare stimulus, and CS under mesopic conditions with glare was worse when accompanied by photophobia. Moreover, a poorer degree of stereopsis was associated with lower CS, and better fusional ability was associated with higher CS under mesopic conditions. Therefore, the CS test can be considered helpful in evaluating sensory function in IXT. Korean Ophthalmological Society 2020-10 2020-10-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7597612/ /pubmed/33099561 http://dx.doi.org/10.3341/kjo.2020.0058 Text en Copyright © 2020 Korean Ophthalmological Society This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Kwon, Ji Min
Lee, Soo Jung
Factors Affecting Contrast Sensitivity in Intermittent Exotropia
title Factors Affecting Contrast Sensitivity in Intermittent Exotropia
title_full Factors Affecting Contrast Sensitivity in Intermittent Exotropia
title_fullStr Factors Affecting Contrast Sensitivity in Intermittent Exotropia
title_full_unstemmed Factors Affecting Contrast Sensitivity in Intermittent Exotropia
title_short Factors Affecting Contrast Sensitivity in Intermittent Exotropia
title_sort factors affecting contrast sensitivity in intermittent exotropia
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7597612/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33099561
http://dx.doi.org/10.3341/kjo.2020.0058
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