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Effects of broiler genetic strain and dietary amino acid reduction on (part I) growth performance and internal organ development

Genetic selection in broilers has resulted in improved growth performance, meat yield, and feed conversion efficiency. However, consumers have become increasingly concerned about modern broiler welfare that is related to their rapid growth rate, which may be alleviated by nutrient dilution. This stu...

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Autores principales: Zhang, Bo, Zhang, Xue, Schilling, Mark W., Tabler, George T., Peebles, E. David, Zhai, Wei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7597689/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32475462
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2020.03.024
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author Zhang, Bo
Zhang, Xue
Schilling, Mark W.
Tabler, George T.
Peebles, E. David
Zhai, Wei
author_facet Zhang, Bo
Zhang, Xue
Schilling, Mark W.
Tabler, George T.
Peebles, E. David
Zhai, Wei
author_sort Zhang, Bo
collection PubMed
description Genetic selection in broilers has resulted in improved growth performance, meat yield, and feed conversion efficiency. However, consumers have become increasingly concerned about modern broiler welfare that is related to their rapid growth rate, which may be alleviated by nutrient dilution. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary amino acid (AA) reduction on the growth performance and internal organ development of different genetic strains of broilers. A randomized completed block design with a factorial arrangement of 10 treatments (5 strains × 2 AA levels) was used. The 5 different strains of broilers were fed either a control diet, with digestible AA (lysine, total sulfur AA, and threonine) at the highest recommended levels for the 5 strains, or an AA-reduced diet, with the digestible AA being 20% lower than the control diet. Feed conversion ratio was increased by AA reduction in all 5 strains during day 0–14, 14–28, and 28–41 but was not affected from day 41–55. Body weight and feed intake responses to AA reduction varied in the different strains and ages of birds. Liver weight relative to BW on day 40, and weights of the duodenum and jejunum relative to BW on day 60 were increased by decreasing the dietary AA concentration. These results indicate that the birds had adjusted their organ growth and metabolism in response to increases in digestion, absorption, and utilization efficiency to accommodate a decrease in dietary AA content. Surprisingly, the cost of feed required to produce the same BW was decreased in 4 of 5 strains on both day 41 and 55, which was largely because of the lower price of the diets containing reduced AA levels and the later compensatory growth experienced by the birds fed AA-reduced diets. In the future, when dietary AA levels need to be adjusted to control growth rate and improve welfare status, the genetic strain, age of the birds, and targeted goals need to be taken into consideration.
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spelling pubmed-75976892020-11-03 Effects of broiler genetic strain and dietary amino acid reduction on (part I) growth performance and internal organ development Zhang, Bo Zhang, Xue Schilling, Mark W. Tabler, George T. Peebles, E. David Zhai, Wei Poult Sci Metabolism and Nutrition Genetic selection in broilers has resulted in improved growth performance, meat yield, and feed conversion efficiency. However, consumers have become increasingly concerned about modern broiler welfare that is related to their rapid growth rate, which may be alleviated by nutrient dilution. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary amino acid (AA) reduction on the growth performance and internal organ development of different genetic strains of broilers. A randomized completed block design with a factorial arrangement of 10 treatments (5 strains × 2 AA levels) was used. The 5 different strains of broilers were fed either a control diet, with digestible AA (lysine, total sulfur AA, and threonine) at the highest recommended levels for the 5 strains, or an AA-reduced diet, with the digestible AA being 20% lower than the control diet. Feed conversion ratio was increased by AA reduction in all 5 strains during day 0–14, 14–28, and 28–41 but was not affected from day 41–55. Body weight and feed intake responses to AA reduction varied in the different strains and ages of birds. Liver weight relative to BW on day 40, and weights of the duodenum and jejunum relative to BW on day 60 were increased by decreasing the dietary AA concentration. These results indicate that the birds had adjusted their organ growth and metabolism in response to increases in digestion, absorption, and utilization efficiency to accommodate a decrease in dietary AA content. Surprisingly, the cost of feed required to produce the same BW was decreased in 4 of 5 strains on both day 41 and 55, which was largely because of the lower price of the diets containing reduced AA levels and the later compensatory growth experienced by the birds fed AA-reduced diets. In the future, when dietary AA levels need to be adjusted to control growth rate and improve welfare status, the genetic strain, age of the birds, and targeted goals need to be taken into consideration. Elsevier 2020-04-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7597689/ /pubmed/32475462 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2020.03.024 Text en © 2020 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Poultry Science Association Inc. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Metabolism and Nutrition
Zhang, Bo
Zhang, Xue
Schilling, Mark W.
Tabler, George T.
Peebles, E. David
Zhai, Wei
Effects of broiler genetic strain and dietary amino acid reduction on (part I) growth performance and internal organ development
title Effects of broiler genetic strain and dietary amino acid reduction on (part I) growth performance and internal organ development
title_full Effects of broiler genetic strain and dietary amino acid reduction on (part I) growth performance and internal organ development
title_fullStr Effects of broiler genetic strain and dietary amino acid reduction on (part I) growth performance and internal organ development
title_full_unstemmed Effects of broiler genetic strain and dietary amino acid reduction on (part I) growth performance and internal organ development
title_short Effects of broiler genetic strain and dietary amino acid reduction on (part I) growth performance and internal organ development
title_sort effects of broiler genetic strain and dietary amino acid reduction on (part i) growth performance and internal organ development
topic Metabolism and Nutrition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7597689/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32475462
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2020.03.024
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