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Association of the Healthy Eating Index with Estimated Cardiovascular Age in Adults from the KNHANES 2013–2017

In this paper, we hypothesized that the gap between estimated cardiovascular age (eCV-age) and chronological age had a gender-wise correlation with the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI). We tested the hypothesis in adults aged 20–64 years old using the KNHANES 2013–2017 data. eCV-age was estimated...

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Autores principales: Park, Sunmin, Kim, Kyungjin, Lee, Byung-Kook, Ahn, Jaeouk
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7598165/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32977614
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12102912
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author Park, Sunmin
Kim, Kyungjin
Lee, Byung-Kook
Ahn, Jaeouk
author_facet Park, Sunmin
Kim, Kyungjin
Lee, Byung-Kook
Ahn, Jaeouk
author_sort Park, Sunmin
collection PubMed
description In this paper, we hypothesized that the gap between estimated cardiovascular age (eCV-age) and chronological age had a gender-wise correlation with the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI). We tested the hypothesis in adults aged 20–64 years old using the KNHANES 2013–2017 data. eCV-age was estimated based on the designated risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and age-gap was calculated by subtracting the eCV-age from the chronological age in 12,317 adults. Adjusted odds ratios for the age-gap were measured according to KHEI, while controlling for covariates to influence risk factors of CVD, using logistic regression analysis with the complex sample survey design. Age-gaps were divided into four groups: >4 (High), 0–4 (Moderate), −4–0 (Mild), and <−4 years (Low). The higher the age-gap, the lower the cardiovascular risk. Persons included in the following categories belonged to the high and moderate age-gap groups: young (<40 years), women, urban living, better than high school education, higher income, lean, mild drinking, and exercising regularly. KHEI scores were overall higher in women than men (p < 0.01). Having breakfast and saturated fat intake were primary factors that influenced the age-gap for men, whereas fresh fruit intake and carbohydrate intake influenced the age-gap in women. The KHEI scores positively correlated with nutrient intake, especially fiber and vitamin C intake in women (p < 0.05). Participants with high KHEI scores increased their chances of belonging to the high age-gap group by 2.16 times for men and 2.10 for women after adjusting for covariates of sex, age, and residence. However, after adding the covariates of education, income, marriage, and obesity, in conjunction with smoking, alcohol, and regular exercise, this reduced to 1.34 times in women. In conclusion, both genders had a positive correlation between age-gap and overall KHEI scores.
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spelling pubmed-75981652020-10-31 Association of the Healthy Eating Index with Estimated Cardiovascular Age in Adults from the KNHANES 2013–2017 Park, Sunmin Kim, Kyungjin Lee, Byung-Kook Ahn, Jaeouk Nutrients Article In this paper, we hypothesized that the gap between estimated cardiovascular age (eCV-age) and chronological age had a gender-wise correlation with the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI). We tested the hypothesis in adults aged 20–64 years old using the KNHANES 2013–2017 data. eCV-age was estimated based on the designated risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and age-gap was calculated by subtracting the eCV-age from the chronological age in 12,317 adults. Adjusted odds ratios for the age-gap were measured according to KHEI, while controlling for covariates to influence risk factors of CVD, using logistic regression analysis with the complex sample survey design. Age-gaps were divided into four groups: >4 (High), 0–4 (Moderate), −4–0 (Mild), and <−4 years (Low). The higher the age-gap, the lower the cardiovascular risk. Persons included in the following categories belonged to the high and moderate age-gap groups: young (<40 years), women, urban living, better than high school education, higher income, lean, mild drinking, and exercising regularly. KHEI scores were overall higher in women than men (p < 0.01). Having breakfast and saturated fat intake were primary factors that influenced the age-gap for men, whereas fresh fruit intake and carbohydrate intake influenced the age-gap in women. The KHEI scores positively correlated with nutrient intake, especially fiber and vitamin C intake in women (p < 0.05). Participants with high KHEI scores increased their chances of belonging to the high age-gap group by 2.16 times for men and 2.10 for women after adjusting for covariates of sex, age, and residence. However, after adding the covariates of education, income, marriage, and obesity, in conjunction with smoking, alcohol, and regular exercise, this reduced to 1.34 times in women. In conclusion, both genders had a positive correlation between age-gap and overall KHEI scores. MDPI 2020-09-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7598165/ /pubmed/32977614 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12102912 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Park, Sunmin
Kim, Kyungjin
Lee, Byung-Kook
Ahn, Jaeouk
Association of the Healthy Eating Index with Estimated Cardiovascular Age in Adults from the KNHANES 2013–2017
title Association of the Healthy Eating Index with Estimated Cardiovascular Age in Adults from the KNHANES 2013–2017
title_full Association of the Healthy Eating Index with Estimated Cardiovascular Age in Adults from the KNHANES 2013–2017
title_fullStr Association of the Healthy Eating Index with Estimated Cardiovascular Age in Adults from the KNHANES 2013–2017
title_full_unstemmed Association of the Healthy Eating Index with Estimated Cardiovascular Age in Adults from the KNHANES 2013–2017
title_short Association of the Healthy Eating Index with Estimated Cardiovascular Age in Adults from the KNHANES 2013–2017
title_sort association of the healthy eating index with estimated cardiovascular age in adults from the knhanes 2013–2017
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7598165/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32977614
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12102912
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