Cargando…
Molecular Characterizations of Double-Stranded RNA Degrading Nuclease Genes from Ostrinia nubilalis
SIMPLE SUMMARY: RNA interference is a gene suppression tool that uses double-stranded RNA to prevent specific genes from producing proteins. By targeting essential genes RNA interference can be developed for control of insect pests. Unfortunately, RNA interference is not equally effective for all in...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7598268/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32977554 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11100652 |
_version_ | 1783602557121200128 |
---|---|
author | Cooper, Anastasia M. W. Song, Huifang Shi, Xuekai Yu, Zhitao Lorenzen, Marcé Silver, Kristopher Zhang, Jianzhen Zhu, Kun Yan |
author_facet | Cooper, Anastasia M. W. Song, Huifang Shi, Xuekai Yu, Zhitao Lorenzen, Marcé Silver, Kristopher Zhang, Jianzhen Zhu, Kun Yan |
author_sort | Cooper, Anastasia M. W. |
collection | PubMed |
description | SIMPLE SUMMARY: RNA interference is a gene suppression tool that uses double-stranded RNA to prevent specific genes from producing proteins. By targeting essential genes RNA interference can be developed for control of insect pests. Unfortunately, RNA interference is not equally effective for all insects. Previous investigation suggested that RNA is rapidly digested by unidentified components of body fluids in the European corn borer caterpillar. We characterized genes encoding proteins from European corn borer that are associated with RNA digestion in other insects. Our results suggest that two proteins (RNA interference efficiency-related nuclease and double-stranded RNA-degrading endonuclease 2) may be responsible for digesting RNAs in the European corn borer gut, whereas two other proteins (double-stranded RNA-degrading endonuclease 1 and double-stranded RNA-degrading endonuclease 4) may be responsible for digesting RNA in European corn borer body fluid. These findings suggest digestion of RNA in the European corn borer is likely due to the activity of these proteins. These findings provide information about the mechanism(s) influencing RNA stability in insects. The knowledge generated by this study will facilitate the development of strategies for enhancing RNA interference in insects. ABSTRACT: Variable RNA interference (RNAi) efficiencies limit RNAi-based pest management strategies for many pests. Previous efforts to understand mechanisms contributing to low RNAi efficiency indicate that double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is degraded in the European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis, due to nuclease activity. To investigate the contribution of dsRNA-degrading endonucleases (dsRNases) and lepidopteran-specific RNAi efficiency-related nucleases (REases) to dsRNA instability and low RNAi efficiency in ECB, five complementary DNAs putatively encoding four dsRNases (OndsRNase1, 2, 3, and 4) and one REase (OnREase) were sequenced. Characterization of these transcripts revealed that substrate specificity might vary among the four dsRNases due to different amino acid combinations in the substrate-binding sites. Gene expression analysis indicated that OndsRNase2 and OnREase were highly expressed in the larval gut, and OndsRNase1 showed the highest expression in hemolymph, especially in older developmental stages. Transcript level analysis after dsRNA exposure revealed that expression of OnREase rapidly increased upon dsRNA ingestion or injection, whereas OndsRNase4 expression only increased after long-term ingestion of dsRNA. While the biological function of these nucleases remains to be verified, our results suggest that OnREase and OndsRNase2, and OndsRNase1 and OndsRNase4 may be responsible for degradation of dsRNAs in the ECB gut and hemolymph, respectively, thereby contributing to low RNAi efficiency. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7598268 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-75982682020-10-31 Molecular Characterizations of Double-Stranded RNA Degrading Nuclease Genes from Ostrinia nubilalis Cooper, Anastasia M. W. Song, Huifang Shi, Xuekai Yu, Zhitao Lorenzen, Marcé Silver, Kristopher Zhang, Jianzhen Zhu, Kun Yan Insects Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: RNA interference is a gene suppression tool that uses double-stranded RNA to prevent specific genes from producing proteins. By targeting essential genes RNA interference can be developed for control of insect pests. Unfortunately, RNA interference is not equally effective for all insects. Previous investigation suggested that RNA is rapidly digested by unidentified components of body fluids in the European corn borer caterpillar. We characterized genes encoding proteins from European corn borer that are associated with RNA digestion in other insects. Our results suggest that two proteins (RNA interference efficiency-related nuclease and double-stranded RNA-degrading endonuclease 2) may be responsible for digesting RNAs in the European corn borer gut, whereas two other proteins (double-stranded RNA-degrading endonuclease 1 and double-stranded RNA-degrading endonuclease 4) may be responsible for digesting RNA in European corn borer body fluid. These findings suggest digestion of RNA in the European corn borer is likely due to the activity of these proteins. These findings provide information about the mechanism(s) influencing RNA stability in insects. The knowledge generated by this study will facilitate the development of strategies for enhancing RNA interference in insects. ABSTRACT: Variable RNA interference (RNAi) efficiencies limit RNAi-based pest management strategies for many pests. Previous efforts to understand mechanisms contributing to low RNAi efficiency indicate that double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is degraded in the European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis, due to nuclease activity. To investigate the contribution of dsRNA-degrading endonucleases (dsRNases) and lepidopteran-specific RNAi efficiency-related nucleases (REases) to dsRNA instability and low RNAi efficiency in ECB, five complementary DNAs putatively encoding four dsRNases (OndsRNase1, 2, 3, and 4) and one REase (OnREase) were sequenced. Characterization of these transcripts revealed that substrate specificity might vary among the four dsRNases due to different amino acid combinations in the substrate-binding sites. Gene expression analysis indicated that OndsRNase2 and OnREase were highly expressed in the larval gut, and OndsRNase1 showed the highest expression in hemolymph, especially in older developmental stages. Transcript level analysis after dsRNA exposure revealed that expression of OnREase rapidly increased upon dsRNA ingestion or injection, whereas OndsRNase4 expression only increased after long-term ingestion of dsRNA. While the biological function of these nucleases remains to be verified, our results suggest that OnREase and OndsRNase2, and OndsRNase1 and OndsRNase4 may be responsible for degradation of dsRNAs in the ECB gut and hemolymph, respectively, thereby contributing to low RNAi efficiency. MDPI 2020-09-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7598268/ /pubmed/32977554 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11100652 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Cooper, Anastasia M. W. Song, Huifang Shi, Xuekai Yu, Zhitao Lorenzen, Marcé Silver, Kristopher Zhang, Jianzhen Zhu, Kun Yan Molecular Characterizations of Double-Stranded RNA Degrading Nuclease Genes from Ostrinia nubilalis |
title | Molecular Characterizations of Double-Stranded RNA Degrading Nuclease Genes from Ostrinia nubilalis |
title_full | Molecular Characterizations of Double-Stranded RNA Degrading Nuclease Genes from Ostrinia nubilalis |
title_fullStr | Molecular Characterizations of Double-Stranded RNA Degrading Nuclease Genes from Ostrinia nubilalis |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Characterizations of Double-Stranded RNA Degrading Nuclease Genes from Ostrinia nubilalis |
title_short | Molecular Characterizations of Double-Stranded RNA Degrading Nuclease Genes from Ostrinia nubilalis |
title_sort | molecular characterizations of double-stranded rna degrading nuclease genes from ostrinia nubilalis |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7598268/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32977554 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11100652 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT cooperanastasiamw molecularcharacterizationsofdoublestrandedrnadegradingnucleasegenesfromostrinianubilalis AT songhuifang molecularcharacterizationsofdoublestrandedrnadegradingnucleasegenesfromostrinianubilalis AT shixuekai molecularcharacterizationsofdoublestrandedrnadegradingnucleasegenesfromostrinianubilalis AT yuzhitao molecularcharacterizationsofdoublestrandedrnadegradingnucleasegenesfromostrinianubilalis AT lorenzenmarce molecularcharacterizationsofdoublestrandedrnadegradingnucleasegenesfromostrinianubilalis AT silverkristopher molecularcharacterizationsofdoublestrandedrnadegradingnucleasegenesfromostrinianubilalis AT zhangjianzhen molecularcharacterizationsofdoublestrandedrnadegradingnucleasegenesfromostrinianubilalis AT zhukunyan molecularcharacterizationsofdoublestrandedrnadegradingnucleasegenesfromostrinianubilalis |