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CenH3 distribution reveals extended centromeres in the model beetle Tribolium castaneum

Centromeres are chromosomal domains essential for kinetochore assembly and correct chromosome segregation. Inconsistent in their underlying DNA sequences, centromeres are defined epigenetically by the presence of the centromere-specific histone H3 variant CenH3. Most of the analyzed eukaryotes have...

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Autores principales: Gržan, Tena, Despot-Slade, Evelin, Meštrović, Nevenka, Plohl, Miroslav, Mravinac, Brankica
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7598501/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33125365
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009115
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author Gržan, Tena
Despot-Slade, Evelin
Meštrović, Nevenka
Plohl, Miroslav
Mravinac, Brankica
author_facet Gržan, Tena
Despot-Slade, Evelin
Meštrović, Nevenka
Plohl, Miroslav
Mravinac, Brankica
author_sort Gržan, Tena
collection PubMed
description Centromeres are chromosomal domains essential for kinetochore assembly and correct chromosome segregation. Inconsistent in their underlying DNA sequences, centromeres are defined epigenetically by the presence of the centromere-specific histone H3 variant CenH3. Most of the analyzed eukaryotes have monocentric chromosomes in which CenH3 proteins deposit into a single, primary constriction visible at metaphase chromosomes. Contrary to monocentrics, evolutionary sporadic holocentric chromosomes lack a primary constriction and have kinetochore activity distributed along the entire chromosome length. In this work, we identified cCENH3 protein, the centromeric H3 histone of the coleopteran model beetle Tribolium castaneum. By ChIP-seq analysis we disclosed that cCENH3 chromatin assembles upon a repertoire of repetitive DNAs. cCENH3 in situ mapping revealed unusually elongated T. castaneum centromeres that comprise approximately 40% of the chromosome length. Being the longest insect regional centromeres evidenced so far, T. castaneum centromeres are characterized by metapolycentric structure composed of several individual cCENH3-containing domains. We suggest that the model beetle T. castaneum with its metapolycentromeres could represent an excellent model for further studies of non-canonical centromeres in insects.
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spelling pubmed-75985012020-11-03 CenH3 distribution reveals extended centromeres in the model beetle Tribolium castaneum Gržan, Tena Despot-Slade, Evelin Meštrović, Nevenka Plohl, Miroslav Mravinac, Brankica PLoS Genet Research Article Centromeres are chromosomal domains essential for kinetochore assembly and correct chromosome segregation. Inconsistent in their underlying DNA sequences, centromeres are defined epigenetically by the presence of the centromere-specific histone H3 variant CenH3. Most of the analyzed eukaryotes have monocentric chromosomes in which CenH3 proteins deposit into a single, primary constriction visible at metaphase chromosomes. Contrary to monocentrics, evolutionary sporadic holocentric chromosomes lack a primary constriction and have kinetochore activity distributed along the entire chromosome length. In this work, we identified cCENH3 protein, the centromeric H3 histone of the coleopteran model beetle Tribolium castaneum. By ChIP-seq analysis we disclosed that cCENH3 chromatin assembles upon a repertoire of repetitive DNAs. cCENH3 in situ mapping revealed unusually elongated T. castaneum centromeres that comprise approximately 40% of the chromosome length. Being the longest insect regional centromeres evidenced so far, T. castaneum centromeres are characterized by metapolycentric structure composed of several individual cCENH3-containing domains. We suggest that the model beetle T. castaneum with its metapolycentromeres could represent an excellent model for further studies of non-canonical centromeres in insects. Public Library of Science 2020-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7598501/ /pubmed/33125365 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009115 Text en © 2020 Gržan et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Gržan, Tena
Despot-Slade, Evelin
Meštrović, Nevenka
Plohl, Miroslav
Mravinac, Brankica
CenH3 distribution reveals extended centromeres in the model beetle Tribolium castaneum
title CenH3 distribution reveals extended centromeres in the model beetle Tribolium castaneum
title_full CenH3 distribution reveals extended centromeres in the model beetle Tribolium castaneum
title_fullStr CenH3 distribution reveals extended centromeres in the model beetle Tribolium castaneum
title_full_unstemmed CenH3 distribution reveals extended centromeres in the model beetle Tribolium castaneum
title_short CenH3 distribution reveals extended centromeres in the model beetle Tribolium castaneum
title_sort cenh3 distribution reveals extended centromeres in the model beetle tribolium castaneum
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7598501/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33125365
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009115
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