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Twelve Children with Varicella Vaccine Meningitis: Neuropathogenesis of Reactivated Live Attenuated Varicella Vaccine Virus

Varicella vaccine is a live attenuated varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Like its parental strain called VZV pOka, the vaccine virus vOka retains some neurotropic properties. To better understand vOka neuropathogenesis, we reassessed 12 published cases of vOka meningitis that occurred in once-immunized...

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Autores principales: Heusel, Ethan H., Grose, Charles
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7599892/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32992805
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12101078
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author Heusel, Ethan H.
Grose, Charles
author_facet Heusel, Ethan H.
Grose, Charles
author_sort Heusel, Ethan H.
collection PubMed
description Varicella vaccine is a live attenuated varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Like its parental strain called VZV pOka, the vaccine virus vOka retains some neurotropic properties. To better understand vOka neuropathogenesis, we reassessed 12 published cases of vOka meningitis that occurred in once-immunized and twice-immunized children, all of whom had bouts of herpes zoster preceding the central nervous system infection. Eight of the 12 meningitis cases occurred in children who had received only one immunization. There was no pattern to the time interval between varicella vaccination and the onset of herpes zoster with meningitis. Four of the meningitis cases occurred in children who had received two immunizations. Since all four children were 14 years old when meningitis was diagnosed, there was a strong pattern to the interval between the first vaccination at age 1 year and onset of meningitis, namely, 13 years. Knowledge of pathogenesis requires knowledge of the location of herpes zoster; the majority of dermatomal rashes occurred at sites of primary immunization on the arm or thigh, while herpes zoster ophthalmicus was uncommon. Based on this literature review, currently there is no consensus as to the cause of varicella vaccine meningitis in twice-immunized children.
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spelling pubmed-75998922020-11-01 Twelve Children with Varicella Vaccine Meningitis: Neuropathogenesis of Reactivated Live Attenuated Varicella Vaccine Virus Heusel, Ethan H. Grose, Charles Viruses Review Varicella vaccine is a live attenuated varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Like its parental strain called VZV pOka, the vaccine virus vOka retains some neurotropic properties. To better understand vOka neuropathogenesis, we reassessed 12 published cases of vOka meningitis that occurred in once-immunized and twice-immunized children, all of whom had bouts of herpes zoster preceding the central nervous system infection. Eight of the 12 meningitis cases occurred in children who had received only one immunization. There was no pattern to the time interval between varicella vaccination and the onset of herpes zoster with meningitis. Four of the meningitis cases occurred in children who had received two immunizations. Since all four children were 14 years old when meningitis was diagnosed, there was a strong pattern to the interval between the first vaccination at age 1 year and onset of meningitis, namely, 13 years. Knowledge of pathogenesis requires knowledge of the location of herpes zoster; the majority of dermatomal rashes occurred at sites of primary immunization on the arm or thigh, while herpes zoster ophthalmicus was uncommon. Based on this literature review, currently there is no consensus as to the cause of varicella vaccine meningitis in twice-immunized children. MDPI 2020-09-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7599892/ /pubmed/32992805 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12101078 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Heusel, Ethan H.
Grose, Charles
Twelve Children with Varicella Vaccine Meningitis: Neuropathogenesis of Reactivated Live Attenuated Varicella Vaccine Virus
title Twelve Children with Varicella Vaccine Meningitis: Neuropathogenesis of Reactivated Live Attenuated Varicella Vaccine Virus
title_full Twelve Children with Varicella Vaccine Meningitis: Neuropathogenesis of Reactivated Live Attenuated Varicella Vaccine Virus
title_fullStr Twelve Children with Varicella Vaccine Meningitis: Neuropathogenesis of Reactivated Live Attenuated Varicella Vaccine Virus
title_full_unstemmed Twelve Children with Varicella Vaccine Meningitis: Neuropathogenesis of Reactivated Live Attenuated Varicella Vaccine Virus
title_short Twelve Children with Varicella Vaccine Meningitis: Neuropathogenesis of Reactivated Live Attenuated Varicella Vaccine Virus
title_sort twelve children with varicella vaccine meningitis: neuropathogenesis of reactivated live attenuated varicella vaccine virus
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7599892/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32992805
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12101078
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